Table 1. Analysis of risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of leptospirosis, brucellosis and Q fever among butchers and slaughterhouse workers in south-eastern Iran in 2011.
| Risk factor | Leptospirosis | Brucellosis | Q fever | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Tested (% Seropositive) | OR (95% CI) | P- value | No. Tested (% Seropositive) | OR(95% CI) | P-value | No. Tested (% Seropositive) | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (median = 33.5) | |||||||||
| ≤33.5 years | 91(21.98) | 1.20(0.61, 2.38) | 0.60 | 93(8.6) | 0.99(0.91,1.08) | 0.78 | 93(19.4) | 1.43(0.76,2.86) | 0.31 |
| >33.5 years | 91(25.27) | 93(7.5) | 94(25.5) | ||||||
| Work History (median = 8) | |||||||||
| ≤8 years | 82(21.95) | 1.22(0.61, 2.45) | 0.58 | 105(5.7) | 2.18(0.74,6.42) | 0.14 | 102(18.6) | 1.64(.081,3.32) | 0.17 |
| >8 years | 94(25.53) | 77(11.7) | 77(27.3) | ||||||
| Work Type | |||||||||
| Slaughtering | |||||||||
| No | 13(23.08) | 1.06(0.29,4.98) | 0.97 | 14(0.0) | 1.53(0.23,35.95) | 0.61 | 14(35.7) | 0.50(0.16,1.60) | 0.32 |
| Yes | 158(24.05) | 162(9.3) | 160(21.9) | ||||||
| Transportation of the remaining livestock | |||||||||
| No | 129(26.36) | 0.56(0.21, 1.34) | 0.21 | 133(7.5) | 1.62(0.52,5.03) | 0.53 | 131(23.7) | 0.85(0.37,1.97) | 0.71 |
| Yes | 42(16.67) | 43(11.6) | 43(20.9) | ||||||
| Splashing of Animal Secretions | |||||||||
| Face | |||||||||
| No | 46(23.91) | 0.96(0.44, 2.18) | 0.91 | 47(6.4) | 1.34(0.362,4.98) | 0.99 | 47(19.1) | 1.30(0.57,2.97) | 0.53 |
| Yes | 138(23.19) | 143(8.4) | 140(23.6) | ||||||
| Body | |||||||||
| No | 36(22.22) | 1.09(0.46, 2.76) | 0.86 | 37(8.1) | 0.97(0.26,3.64) | 0.99 | 36(25.0) | 0.85(0.36,1.98) | 0.70 |
| Yes | 147(31.25) | 152(7.9) | 150(22.0) | ||||||
| Occupational Injury | |||||||||
| Cutting hand or other organs | |||||||||
| ≤5 times | 130(23.08) | 1.20(0.55,2.55) | 0.63 | 136(8.8) | 0.44(0.09,2.04) | 0.36 | 134(19.4) | 2.07(0.97,4.341) | 0.06 |
| > 5 times | 49(26.53) | 49(4.1) | 48(33.3) | ||||||
| Bite from ectoparasite | |||||||||
| ≤5 times | 175(22.85) | 1.68(0.33,7.07) | 0.48 | 181(8.3) | 1.35(0.06,9.21) | 0.92 | 178(21.3) | 2.95(0.75,11.51) | 0.12 |
| > 5 time | 9(33.33) | 9(0.0) | 9(44.4) | ||||||
| Contact with Animals | |||||||||
| Cattle | |||||||||
| No | 45(31.11) | 0.54(0.25,1.19) | 0.12 | 45(8.9) | 0.77(0.23,2.59) | 0.75 | 45(26.7) | 0.72(0.33,1.56) | 0.40 |
| Yes | 137(19.71) | 143(7.0) | 140(20.7) | ||||||
| Sheep & Goat | |||||||||
| No | 26(15.8) | 1.71(0.58,6.11) | 0.36 | 27(3.7) | 2.30(0.27,18.21) | 0.70 | 26(11.5) | 2.40(0.69,8.46) | 0.16 |
| Yes | 156(28.05) | 161(8.1) | 159(23.9) | ||||||
| Camel | |||||||||
| No | 105(21.90) | 1.09(0.53,2.20) | 0.81 | 108(8.3) | 0.73(0.24,2.28) | 0.60 | 106(17) | 2.01 (0.99,4.09) | 0.049 |
| Yes | 77(23.38) | 80(6.2) | 79(29.1) | ||||||
| All 3 group of animals | |||||||||
| No | 112(20.53) | 1.33(0.65,2.72) | 0.42 | 115(8.7) | 0.61(0.18,2.02) | 0.41 | 112(17.9) | 1.86(0.92,3.74) | 0.08 |
| Yes | 70(25.71) | 73(5.5) | 73(28.8) | ||||||
| Attitude and Practice (Personal Protection) | |||||||||
| See themselves at risk for zoonotic diseases | |||||||||
| No | 35(20.00) | 1.28(0.53,3.41) | 0.60 | 38(7.9) | 0.99(.27,3.71) | 0.99 | 37(10.8) | 0.35(.012,1.07) | 0.06 |
| Yes | 148(24.32) | 151(7.9) | 149(25.5) | ||||||
| Personal Protection (median = 12)* | |||||||||
| ≤12 | 91(26.37) | 1.41(0.71,2.84) | 0.33 | 92(2.2) | 0.14(0.03,0.64) | 0.004 | 91(25.3) | 1.41(0.70,2.83) | 0.34 |
| >12 | 91(19.78) | 95(13.7) | 93(19.4) | ||||||
*Total scores earned by each participant in the use of PPE was considered as the performance of each participant. The median of the performance for all participants was 12.