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. 2015 Nov 10;3(4):E396–E405. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20140130

Table 1: Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review.

Study Country Sample size % males Mean age, yr Length of follow-up, mo* Intervention Comparison
Chen et al., 201130 China 60 53 38.7 15 (10-20) TEN Sling
COTS10 Canada 132 78 33.5 12‡ Open reduction plate fixation§ Sling
Figueiredo et al., 200831 Brazil 50 78 30.2 24 DCP AI plate Sling
Judd et al., 200932 United States 57 91 26.5 12 Modified Hagie pin Sling
Koch et al., 200833 Germany 68 66 35.4 19.1 (8-26) Intramedullary pin Figure-of-8 bandage
Mirzatolooei et al., 201134† Iran 60 82 35.6 12 Reconstruction plate on superior surface Sling
Robinson et al., 20135 United Kingdom 200 88 32.4 12 Locking plate Collar and cuff
Smekal et al., 200935 Austria 68 87 37.7 24 TEN Sling
Virtanen et al., 201236 Finland 60 87 36.7 12 Reconstruction plate on anterior surface Sling
Assobhi et al., 201137 Egypt 38 87 31.5 12 AI reconstruction plate RTEN
Bi et al., 200838 China 201 72 39.8 10.6 (4-21) Retrograde percutaneous pin Kirshner pin
Ferran et al., 201039 United Kingdom 133 84 29.2 12 LCDCP Rockwood pin
Jiang et al., 201240† China 64 63 42.5 24 LCP MIPPO
Shen et al., 200841 China 32 56 44.2 12 Superior reconstruction plate 3-dimensional contoured cortical plate
Lubbert et al., 200842 Netherlands 120 84 NR 12 LIPUS Placebo

Note: AI = antero-inferior surface, DCP AI = dynamic compression plate in antero-inferior position, LCDCP = limited contact dynamic compression plate, LCP = locking compression plate, LIPUS = low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, MIPPO = minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis, NR = not reported, RTEN = retrograde titanium elastic nail, TEN = titanum elastic nail.

*Longest follow-up; reported as mean (range) in 3 studies.30,33,38

†Only enrolled patients with comminuted fractures (3 or more fragments).

‡Data for 2 years in a subsequent publication (Schemitsch et al.43).

§Open reduction and plate fixation (44 patients with limited contact dynamic compression plates; 15 with 3.5-mm reconstruction plates; 4 with precontoured plates, and 4 with other plates.