Table 2. Parameters from pulse wave Doppler and colour Doppler imaging of ZF heart.
| A. | |||||||||||||
| Temp(°C) | E peak | A peak | Outflow | E flow | A flow | Inflow | |||||||
| Group | Velocity (mm/s) | Duration (ms) | |||||||||||
| mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | ||
| WA | 18 | 30.5 | 2.1 | 115.6 | 12.3 | 126.5 | 17.1 | 290.3 | 68.2 | 118.2 | 3.3 | 408.5 | 68.7 |
| 28 | 52.4 | 4.7 | 212.7 | 23.9 | 256.4 | 32.9 | 139.7 | 16.3 | 58.9 | 1.0 | 198.7 | 16.6 | |
| CA | 18 | 27.7 | 2.3 | 129.5 | 11.5 | 128.7 | 11.2 | 354.1 | 87.6 | 102.8 | 1.4 | 456.9 | 86.6 |
| 28 | 32.0 | 3.6 | 219.6 | 26.3 | 193.5 | 10.9 | 162.9 | 44.9 | 57.3 | 2.1 | 220.2 | 44.9 | |
| *† | * | * | * | *† | * | ||||||||
| B. | |||||||||||||
| Duration Normalized by Beat Duration | |||||||||||||
| Group | Temp(oC) | Beat duration(ms) | E flow(ms) | A flow(ms) | Inflow(ms) | ||||||||
| mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | ||||||
| WA | 18 | 814.0 | 74.3 | 32.1 | 4.5 | 15.4 | 1.2 | 47.5 | 3.5 | ||||
| 28 | 381.7 | 22.0 | 35.7 | 2.4 | 15.9 | 0.8 | 51.5 | 1.9 | |||||
| CA | 18 | 834.2 | 88.5 | 36.9 | 6.7 | 13.7 | 1.5 | 50.6 | 5.3 | ||||
| 28 | 387.2 | 42.6 | 36.5 | 6.0 | 16.1 | 1.3 | 52.6 | 4.7 | |||||
| * | |||||||||||||
| C. | |||||||||||||
| Group | Temp(oC) | IVCT(ms) | IVRT(ms) | ET(ms) | MPI(%) | ||||||||
| mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | mean | SEM | ||||||
| WA | 18 | 50.1 | 2.8 | 110.4 | 4.2 | 236.0 | 9.3 | 0.69 | 0.04 | ||||
| 28 | 28.5 | 1.2 | 39.3 | 1.8 | 116.5 | 7.0 | 0.60 | 0.04 | |||||
| CA | 18 | 36.2 | 3.2 | 116.7 | 4.3 | 246.7 | 11.7 | 0.62 | 0.05 | ||||
| 28 | 27.2 | 2.6 | 42.5 | 1.6 | 111.2 | 5.1 | 0.64 | 0.04 | |||||
| *† | * | * | |||||||||||
A. Ventricular inflow, made up of two components: early (E) filling peak velocity occurring during ventricle relaxation (E peak vel in mm/s) and the atrial (A) filling peak velocity resulting from active atrial contraction (A peak vel in mm/s), and ventricular outflow peak velocity (V outflow vel in mm/s). Early flow duration (E duration in ms), late flow duration (A duration in ms) make up the total inflow duration. B. Normalized duration times. Duration is expressed as proportion of beat duration (ms) calculation as the inverse of HR. C. Isovolumic contraction time measuring systolic performance (IVCT) in ms, isovolumic relaxation time measuring diastolic performance (IVRT) in ms and ejection time (ET) in ms are also measured from this view. The myocardial performance index (MPI) is a Doppler-derived time interval index that combines both systolic and diastolic cardiac performance (IVCT + IVRT)/ET.
* represents significant difference between temperatures p<0.05.
† represents significant interacting effect of acclimation state p<0.05.