TABLE 3.
Characteristics of Infants With Culture-Confirmed, Early-Onset Infections Born to Women With Chorioamnionitis, 2006–2009, Overall and by Gestational Age
| Characteristic | All Infants (N = 229) | Gestational Age | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preterm (22–36 Weeks) (n = 148) | Term (≥37 Weeks) (n = 81) | |||
| Race, n (%) | .75 | |||
| Black | 86 (38) | 53 (37) | 33 (41) | |
| White | 127 (57) | 82 (57) | 45 (56) | |
| Other | 11 (5) | 8 (6) | 3 (4) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 72 (34) | 39 (29) | 33 (42) | .07 |
| Gender, n (%) | .58 | |||
| Male | 119 (52) | 79 (53) | 40 (49) | |
| Female | 110 (48) | 69 (47) | 41 (51) | |
| Mode of delivery, n (%) | .99 | |||
| Cesarean | 145 (63) | 94 (64) | 51 (63) | |
| Vaginal | 84 (37) | 54 (36) | 30 (37) | |
| Birth weight, n (%) | <.001 | |||
| 401–1500 g | 116 (51) | 116 (78) | 0 (0) | |
| 1501–2500 g | 32 (14) | 28 (19) | 4 (5) | |
| >2500 g | 81 (35) | 4 (3) | 77 (95) | |
| Site of positive culture,a n (%) | .40 | |||
| Blood only | 219 (96) | 142 (96) | 77 (95) | |
| CSF only | 5 (2) | 2 (1) | 3 (4) | |
| Blood and CSF | 5 (2) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) | |
| Pathogen isolated,b n (%) | <.001 | |||
| Group B Streptococcus | 78 (35) | 31 (22) | 47 (60) | |
| E coli | 84 (38) | 75 (52) | 9 (12) | |
| Other Gram-positive | 34 (15) | 15 (10) | 19 (24) | |
| Other Gram-negative | 24 (11) | 21 (15) | 3 (4) | |
| Candida spp | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | |
| Timing of antibiotics, n (%) | <.001 | |||
| Received at birth (≤6 hours) | 191 (87) | 130 (93) | 61 (77) | |
| Received after birth (>6 hours) | 23 (11) | 6 (4) | 17 (22) | |
| Died before treatment | 5 (2) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) | |
| CBC performed at birth (≤6 hours), n (%) | 191 (85) | 141 (97) | 50 (63) | <.001 |
| Outcome, n (%) | <.001 | |||
| Survival to discharge/transfer/120 days | 182 (79) | 102 (69) | 80 (99) | |
| Death | 47 (21) | 46 (31) | 1 (1) | |
| Length of stay among survivors, median (range), d | 22 (2–157) | 69 (7–157) | 10 (2–44) | <.001 |
Information was missing for the following: race (n = 5), Hispanic ethnicity (n = 17), timing of initial antibiotics (n = 10), and CBC performed at birth (n = 4). P values for a test of whether the characteristic differed by gestational age were derived by Fisher’s exact test (categorical variables) or Kruskal-Wallis test (length of stay). CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.
Organisms isolated from CSF only were as follows: group B Streptococcus (1), Staphylococcus aureus (1), α streptococci (1), viridans group streptococci (1), and Enterococcus spp (1). The same organism was isolated from blood and CSF in 5 infants, as follows: group B Streptococcus (1), E coli (4).
Pathogens for infants with the following polymicrobial infections found on blood culture are not shown (n = 7): group B Streptococcus + E coli (2), Serratia plus Enterococcus (1), Neisseria plus Haemophilus (1), Neisseria plus viridans group streptococci (1), Klebsiella plus Candida albicans (1), and Enterococcus plus coagulase-negative staphylococci (1).