Table 1.
Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network baseline characteristics by urine protein-to-creatinine ratio
| Characteristics | All | UPC<1 g/g | UPC 1–3 g/g | UPC>3 g/g | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | 441 | 50 (11) | 125 (28) | 266 (60) | <0.001 |
| Female patients | 180 (41) | 18 (36) | 46 (37) | 116 (44) | 0.34 |
| Age, y | 31 (14, 52) | 26 (15, 47) | 30 (15, 47) | 33 (14, 55) | 0.50 |
| Race | 0.03 | ||||
| Asian | 55 (14) | 6 (13) | 19 (16) | 30 (13) | |
| Black | 97 (24) | 10 (22) | 41 (34) | 46 (19) | |
| White | 229 (57) | 27 (60) | 52 (44) | 150 (63) | |
| Multiracial | 22 (5) | 2 (4) | 7 (6) | 13 (5) | |
| Hispanic | 88 (21) | 8 (17) | 23 (19) | 57 (23) | 0.49 |
| Disease duration, mo | 4 (1, 18) | 8 (2, 34) | 7 (2, 27) | 2 (1, 10) | <0.001 |
| Preterm birth | 36 (9) | 2 (4) | 14 (12) | 20 (8) | 0.27 |
| Weight status | 0.66 | ||||
| Overweight | 114 (28) | 11 (26) | 38 (31) | 65 (27) | |
| Obese | 158 (39) | 14 (33) | 47 (39) | 97 (41) | |
| Family history of kidney disease | 140 (33) | 15 (32) | 38 (31) | 87 (35) | 0.79 |
| Hypertension | 121 (30) | 6 (14) | 36 (30) | 79 (33) | 0.15 |
| UPC, g/g | 4.1 (1.9, 7.7) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.8) | 1.9 (1.4, 2.4) | 6.8 (4.7, 10.4) | <0.001 |
| Edema | 168 (42) | 16 (37) | 29 (24) | 123 (51) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 81 (50, 105) | 92 (67, 105) | 83 (46, 107) | 77 (48, 103) | 0.12 |
| Albumin, g/dl | 3.3 (2.5, 4.0) | 4.2 (3.5, 4.4) | 3.9 (3.2, 4.3) | 2.9 (2.2, 3.5) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl | 237 (191, 310) | 203 (164, 234) | 213 (180, 246) | 266 (210, 350) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 134 (95, 188) | 102 (85, 152) | 113 (81, 149) | 155 (105, 215) | <0.001 |
| Cohort | <0.001 | ||||
| FSGS | 142 (32) | 16 (32) | 49 (39) | 77 (29) | |
| MCD | 116 (26) | 15 (30) | 19 (15) | 82 (31) | |
| MN | 66 (15) | 3 (6) | 12 (10) | 51 (19) | |
| Other | 117 (27) | 16 (32) | 45 (36) | 56 (21) | |
| Prior medication exposure | |||||
| IST | 196 (44) | 12 (24) | 36 (29) | 148 (56) | <0.001 |
| RAAS blockade | 278 (63) | 28 (56) | 93 (74) | 157 (59) | 0.01 |
| Prior IST duration, mo | 1 (0, 5) | 2 (0, 4) | 2 (0, 8) | 1 (0, 5) | 0.81 |
Categorical variables are reported as frequencies and percentages, and P values were estimated using a chi-squared test. Continuous variables are reported as medians and interquartile ranges, and P values were generated using a Kruskal–Wallis test. Prior medication exposure refers to medications reported before study baseline visit. UPC, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio; MCD, minimal-change disease; MN, membranous nephropathy; IST, immunosuppressive therapy; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.