Table 1.
Epilepsy in patients with MS.
| ID | Seizure onset (years) | Seizure history, treatment (diagnosed by), secondary to concurrent infection, type of infection | Investigations: EEG (date) | Age of MS onset (years) | Age wheelchair user (years) | Age died (years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Onset after first symptoms of MS | ||||||
| MS020 | 35 | Blackout (neurologist), no | ‘Moderate bilateral disturbances, paroxysmal with left temporal emphasis’ | 23 | 38 | 60, |
| MS022 | 54 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), no | – | 39 | 49 | 56 |
| MS029 | 56 | Tonic clonic (A+E, neurologist), yes, UTI | – | 29 | 43 | 59 |
| MS037 | 62 | Blackout, incontinent, confused on recovery, anticonvulsants (neurologist), yes, UTI | ‘Diffusely abnormal, more than would be expected in MS’ | 30 | 54 | 76 |
| MS038 | 40 | Tonic clonic, carbamezepine (neurologist), yes, UTIs | – | 24 | 27 | 42 |
| MS040 | 54 | Right-sided focal (neurologist), yes, chest infection | – | 36 | 46 | 58 |
| MS049 | 55 | Tonic clonic, (ITU), no | ‘Right temporal slow waves’ (1965) | 37 | 76 | 76 |
| MS053 | 59 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), no | – | 31 | 53 | 66 |
| MS074* | 63 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), yes, chest infection | – | 28 | 50 | 64 |
| MS076 | 42 | Definite generalised seizures, phenytoin (neurologist), No | ‘Abnormal’ (1983 – at time of diagnosis of MS when had paroxysmal movements – not seizures) | 31 | 45 | 49 |
| MS079* | 49 | Temporal: complex partial, left-sided onset (neurologist), yes, chest infection – cause of death | – | 25 | 35 | 49 |
| MS092 | 26 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), no | – | 21 | 28 | 38 |
| MS104a | 50 | Tonic clonic, carbamezepine (neurologist), yes, UTIs | – | 41 | 46 | 53 |
| MS112a | 57 | Tonic clonic (A+E), yes, UTIs | – | 30 | 35 | 66 |
| MS124 | 28 | Right-sided focal (neurologist), no | – | 25 | 26 | 30 |
| MS127 | 51 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), yes, abscess buttock | – | 28 | 47 | 52 |
| MS131 | 51 | Temporal: partial (neurologist), no | – | 31 | 44 | 56 |
| MS135 | 59 | Temporal: left-sided focal with loss of awareness (neurologist), no | – | 24 | 43 | 61 |
| MS142 | 62 | Right-sided with secondary generalisation (neurologist), yes, UTI | – | 35 | 61 | 67 |
| MS147 | 57 | Right-sided with secondary generalisation (neurologist), no | – | 38 | 52 | 60 |
| MS161 | 62 | Tonic clonic, carbamezepine (neurologist), yes, UTI | – | 42 | - | 69 |
| MS172 | 53 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), no | – | 26 | 46 | 58 |
| MS186 | 47 | Tonic clonic with infections, carbamezepine (neurologist), yes, chest infection | – | 20 | 33 | 57 |
| MS188 | 62 | Generalised, loss of awareness (neurologist), no | – | 35 | 37 | 78 |
| MS197a | 26 | Simple (neurologist), no | – | 24 | 46 | 51 |
| MS222 | 62 | Abdominal spasm, phenytoin and phenobarbitone (neurologist), no | ‘normal’ | 31 | 40 | 70 |
| MS223 | 45 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), Yes, sepsis non-CNS, LP normal | ‘normal’ | 43 | 45 | 45 |
| MS234a | 38 | Tonic clonic (neurologist), yes, UTI | – | 23 | 31 | 39 |
| MS242 | 49 | Tonic clonic × 2, no treatment (neurologist), no | – | 38 | 46 | 57 |
| MS249 | 66 | Tonic clonic × 2, phenytoin (neurologist), yes, UTI | – | 27 | 60 | 69 |
| MS268 | 49 | Tonic clonic, carbamezepine (neurologist), no | – | 46 | 53 | 54 |
| MS272 | 45 | Nocturnal tonic clonic, valproate and lamotrigine (neurologist), no | – | 26 | 44 | 64 |
| MS278 | 23 | Tonic clonic, no treatment (neurologist), no | – | 9 | 23 | 30 |
| MS298 | 71 | Tonic clonic with infection × 1, no treatment (neurologist), yes. sepsis secondary to UTI | – | 29 | 68 | 72 |
| Onset before first symptoms of MS | ||||||
| MS058 | 7 | 3 tonic clonic seizures over 18 months (paediatrician), no | – | 31 | 48 | 52 |
| MS184 | 34 | Blackouts, (neurologist), no | Primary generalised EEG abnormality | 35 | 56 | 74 |
| MS219 | 13 | Generalised, stopped in late teens (paediatrician), no | – | 40 | 48 | 57 |
MS: multiple sclerosis; ID: identification; EEG: electroencephalogram; CNS: central nervous system; ITU: intensive therapy unit; A+E: accident and emergency; UTI: urinary tract infection. aIndicates analysed as part of neuronal density analysis.