TABLE 1.
Included Studies
| Authors (Year, Country) | Sample (n)/ES statistic | Age Range/Mean Age/Grade Level/% Malea | Location of Study/Study Design | ES Used in Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baldry & Winkel (2003, Italy)40 | 998/C | 14–19/NA/NA/57 | SC/CS | VI |
| Bauman, Toomey, & Walker (2013, USA)41 | 1491/C | NA/NA/9–12/51 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
| Bonanno & Hymel (2010, Canada)42 | 399/C | NA/14.2/8–10/43 | SC/CS | VI |
| Bonanno & Hymel (2013, Canada)43 | 399/C | NA/14.2/8–10/43 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Borowsky, Taliaferro, & McMorris (2013, US)44 | 130908/OR | NA/NA/6, 9,12/50 | SC/CS | BA/VA/BVA/BVI |
| Cheng et al (2010, China)45 | 9015/OR | 13–15/NA/7, 10/48 | SC/CS | VIa |
| Coggan, Bennett, Hooper, & Dickinson (2003, New Zealand)46 | 3265/OR | 9–13/NA/NA/44 | SC/CS | VA/VI |
| Cui, Cheng, Xu, Chen, & Wang (2010, China)47 | 8778/OR | 11–17/14/NA/49 | SC/SD | VA/VIa |
| Delfabbro et al (2006, Australia)48 | 1284/OR | NA/15.2/NA/40 | SC/CS | VI |
| Espelage & Holt (2013, US)38 | 661/OR | 10–13/NA/5, 8/49 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
| Fisher, Moffitt, Houts, Belsky, Arseneault, & Caspi (2012, UK)49 | 1116/OR | NA/12/NA/49 | O/PL | VA |
| Fleming & Jacobsen (2009a, Chile)50 | 8131/OR | 13–15/14/NA/48 | SC/CS | VIb |
| Fleming & Jacobsen (2009b, 19 countries)29 | 104614/OR | 13–15/14/NA/46 | SC/SD | VIb |
| Gower & Borowsky (2013, US)51 | 128681/OR | 11–17/NA/6, 9, 12/50 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Hay & Meldrum (2010, US)52 | 426/C | 10–21/15/NA/50 | SC/CS | VI |
| Heilbron & Prinstein (2010, US)53 | 493/C | 11–14/13/6, 8/49 | SC/PL | VI |
| Henry, Lovegrove, Steger, Chen, Cigularov, & Tomazic (2013, US)54 | 2936/C | NA/NA/6, 12/50 | SC/CS | BI/V |
| Hepburn, Azrael, Molnar, & Miller (2012, US)55 | 1838/OR | NA/NA/9, 12/NA | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI |
| Herba et al (2008, The Netherlands)6 | 1526/OR | NA/12/NA/NA | SC/PL | VI/BVI |
| Hinduja & Patchin (2010, US)56 | 1963/OR | 10–16/13/6, 8/50 | SC/CS | BA/VA |
| Holt, Chee, Ng, & Bossler (2013, Singapore)57 | 3096/OR | NA/NA/NA/56 | SC/CS | VI |
| Ivarsson, Broberg, Arvidsson, & Gillberg (2005, Sweden)58 | 183/OR | 13–16/14/NA/49 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
| Kaltiala-Heino, Rimpelä, Marttunen, Rimpelä, & Rantanen (1999, Finland)7 | 16410/OR | 14–16/15/8, 9/51 | SC/CS | BI/VI/BVI |
| Kessel Schneider, O’Donnell, Stueve, & Coulter (2012, US)59 | 20406/OR | NA/NA/9, 12/50 | SC/CS | VA/VI |
| Kim, Leventhal, & Koh (2009, Korea)37 | 1655/OR | NA/14/7, 8/55 | SC/PL | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
| Klomek, Marrocco, Kleinman, Schonfeld, & Gould (2007, US)8 | 2342/OR | 13–19/15/9, 12/58 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI |
| Kowalski & Limber (2013, US)60 | 931/SMD | 11–19/15/6, 12/58 | SC/CS | BI/VI/BVI |
| Laukkanen, Honkalampi, Hintikka, Hintikka, & Lehtonen (2005, Finland)5 | 168/OR | 11–23/18/NA/58 | MH/CS | VI |
| LeVasseur, Kelvin, & Grosskopf (2013, US)61 | 11488/OR | NA/NA/9, 12/48 | SC/CS | VA |
| Liang, Flisher, & Lombard (2007, South Africa)62 | 5074/OR | NA/16/8, 11/42 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
| Litwiller & Brausch (2013, US)63 | 4693/C | 14–19/16.11/NA/47 | SC/CS | BA |
| Luukkonen, Räsänen, Hakko, & Riala (2009, Finland)22 | 508/OR | 12–17/NA/NA/41 | MH/CS | BA/VA/BVA |
| Mark et al (2013, Estonia, Lithuania, & Luxembourg)64 | 4954/OR | 14–17/16/NA/51 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Mills, Guerin, Lynch, Daly, & Fitzpatrick (2004, Ireland)65 | 209/OR | 12–15/14/NA/46 | O/CS | VA/VI |
| Park, Schepp, Jang, & Koo (2006, South Korea)66 | 1312/OR | NA/NA/10, 12/50 | SC/CS | VI |
| Patrick, Bell, Huang, Lazarakis, & Edwards (2013, US)67 | 26523/OR | NA/NA/8, 10, 12/48 | SC/CS | VI |
| Pranjić & Bajraktarević (2010, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina)68 | 290/OR | NA/17/NA/51 | SC/CS | VI |
| Rigby & Slee (1999, Australia)9 | 1103/C | 12–18/15/NA/49 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Rigby & Slee (1999, Australia)9 | 845/C | 12–16/14/NA/53 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Rivers & Noret (2013, UK)69 | 1592/SMD | 12–16/14/NA/54 | SC/CS | BI/VI/BVI |
| Roland (2002, Norway)70 | 2088/C | NA/14/8/49 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Romero, Wiggs, Valencia, & Bauman (2013, US)71 | 650/C | 14–18/16/9, 12/0 | SC/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI |
| Skapinakis et al (2011, Greece)72 | 2431/OR | 16–18/NA/10, 12/41 | SC/CS | VI |
| Turner, Exum, Brame, & Holt (2013, US)73 | 1874/SMD | 11–18/14/6, 12/49 | SC/CS | VI |
| Undheim (2013, Norway)39 | 2464/SMD | 12–15/14/49 | SC/PL | BI/VI |
| van der Wall, De Wit, & Hirasing (2003, The Netherlands)74 | 4721/OR | 9–13/NA/NA/50 | SC/CS | BI/VI |
| Viljoen et al (2005, Canada)75 | 243/OR | 13–19/16/NA/80 | O/CS | BA/BI/VA/VI/BVA/BVI |
BA, bullying-attempts; BI, bullying-ideation; BVA, bully-victim-attempt; BVI, bully-victim-ideation; C, correlation; CS, cross-sectional; ES, effect size; H, hospital; MH, mental health facility; NA, not applicable or not provided; O, other; PL, prospective longitudinal; SC, school; SD, secondary data; SMD, standardized mean difference or d; VA, victim-attempts; VI, victim-ideation. Cheng and colleagues (2010) and Cui and colleagues (2010) use the same Global Student Health Survey (GSHS) dataset from China; however, they use different strategies for selecting bullying victims. For example, victims in the Cheng et al (2010) study were categorized as “ever victimization” versus “never victimization,” but the Cui et al (2010) study categorizes victims as reporting “never or rarely victimized” versus “sometimes bullied.”
Both Fleming and Jacobsen (2009) studies use data from the GSHS. Effect sizes for Chile were removed from the effect sizes representing the Fleming and Jacobsen (2009b) study because Fleming and Jacobsen (2009a) use Chile data. Similarly, because Cui et al (2010) and Cheng et al (2010) used GSHS from China, effect sizes from China representing the Fleming and Jacobsen (2009b) study were not used in analyses.