TABLE 3.

Results of the ANOVA tests^a

Source of variationb	dfc	Total perithecia			Mature perithecia			Ascospores released
		% of varianced	F	P value	% of variance	F	P value	% of variance	F	P value
1. Exposure condition	2	97.65	793.3	0.001	93.53	193.3	0.005	25.14	1.9	0.348
2. Stalk type	1	0.05	5.0	0.269	0.03	0.1	0.801	1.13	794.0	0.023
3. Year	1	0.24	4.6	0.237	0.82	2.5	0.390	26.70	4.1	0.186
1 × 2	2	0.05	1.2	0.459	0.03	0.1	0.919	0.56	2.5	0.285
1 × 3	2	0.12	3.2	0.238	0.48	1.2	0.446	13.41	59.5	0.017
2 × 3	1	0.01	0.5	0.556	0.28	1.4	0.353	0.00	0.0	0.921
1 × 2 × 3	2	0.04	0.6	0.554	0.39	4.2	0.021	0.23	0.9	0.413

^aANOVA tests were performed for total number of perithecia, numbers of mature perithecia, and numbers of ascospores produced on two types of maize stalk residues (artificially inoculated and naturally infested by Fusarium graminearum). Stalks were exposed outdoors in 2 years and on three exposure conditions: (i) on a grass lawn and exposed to rain; (ii) on a piece of wet florist foam and exposed to rain; (iii) on a grass lawn under a transparent cover.

^bA factorial ANOVA was performed considering exposure conditions (fixed factor with 3 levels), stalk origin (fixed factor with 2 levels), and year (random factor with 2 levels), with 5 replicates (n = 60).

^cdf, degrees of freedom.

^dPercentage of total variance accounted for by the source of variation.