Fig 2. HBZ upregulates TIGIT expression.

(A) TIGIT mRNA was increased in CD4⁺ T cells of HBZ-Tg mice (n = 7) compared with those of non-Tg mice (n = 7). (B) TIGIT expression was enhanced on resting and activated CD4⁺ T cells from HBZ-Tg mice by flow cytometry (FCM). The representative histogram of two independent experiments is shown. (C) A retrovirus expressing HBZ or control retrovirus was transduced into mouse primary CD4⁺ T cells. TIGIT transcripts were measured by realtime PCR. Results are the mean ± SD in triplicate. Three independent experiments were performed and the representative results are shown. (D) Expression of TIGIT on HBZ transduced mouse primary CD4⁺ T cells was measured by FCM. The representative result was shown for two independent experiments. (E) Expression of TIGIT on CD3^lowCD4⁺ T cells from ATL patients (n = 5) and CD4⁺CADM1⁺ T cells from HAM/TSP patients (n = 6) and healthy donors (HD, n = 6) were measured by FCM. (F) Expression of TIGIT on HBZ-transduced murine primary CD4⁺ cells and control cells in the presence or absence of TGF-β was measured by FCM. Two independent experiments were performed and the representative results are shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.