Table 3.

Definition characteristics and measured components of included measures.

Measure	Total items	Reliability	Definition used	Definition components	Components measureda
					Power imbalance	Intent to cause harm	Repetition	Aggressive behaviors	Victim experiences harm
Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (Finger, Yeung, Craven, Parada, & Newey, 2008)	36	Victimization: α = 0.89; perpetration: α = 0.82	No	n/a			X	X
Aggression Scale (Orpinas & Frankowski, 2001)	11	Perpetration: α = 0.88	No	n/a		X	X	X
Bull-S Questionnaire (Cerezo & Ato, 2005)	25	Victimization: α = 0.83; Perpetration: α = 0.82	No	n/a				X
Bullying-Behavior Scale (Austin & Joseph, 1996)	12	Victimization: α = 0.82; perpetration: α = 0.83	No	n/a			X	X
California Bullying Victimization Scale (Felix et al., 2011)	12	κ for 8 items = 0.46–0.64; κ for bully/victim = 0.71	No	n/a	X	X	X	X	X
Child Social Behavior Questionnaire (Warden, Cheyne, Christie, Fitzpatrick, & Reid, 2003)	53	Peer nomination: α = 0.90; teacher report: α = 0.90; self-report: α = 0.68	No	n/a		X	X	X	X
Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) (Farmer & Aman, 2009)	58	Verbal aggression: α = 0.92; bullying: α = 0.89; covert aggression: α = 0.88; physical aggression: α = 0.74	No	n/a			X	X
Children’s Social Behavior Scale — Self Report (Crick & Grotpeter, 1995)	15	Overt aggression: α = 0.94; relational aggression: α = 0.83	No	n/a		X	X	X
Cyber Victim & Bullying Scale (Cetin, Yaman, & Peker, 2011)	44	Victimization: α = 0.89, split half = 0.79, test–retest = 0.85; perpetration: α = 0.89, split half = 0.79, test–retest = 0.90	No	n/a			X	X
Direct and Indirect Patient Behavior Checklist — Prisoner Version (Ireland, 1999)	87	Direct bullying: α = 0.91; verbal bullying: α = 0.72; physical bullying: α = 0.78; indirect bullying: α = 0.77; theft: α = 0.85; sexual harassment: α = 0.79	No	n/a	X		X	X	X
Gatehouse Bullying Scale (Bond, Wolfe, Tollit, Butler, & Patton, 2007)	12	Any bullying: rho test–retest = 0.65, κ= 0.63	No	n/a		X	X		X
Homophobic Bullying Scale (Prati, 2012)	42	Homophobic aggression towards gay men: α = 0.82; homophobic aggression towards lesbian women: α = 0.87; homophobic victimization: α = 0.86; witnessing homophobic aggression towards gay men: α = 0.82; witnessing homophobic aggression towards lesbian women: α = 0.83	No	n/a		X	X	X
Homophobic Content Agent Target Scale (Poteat & Espelage, 2005)	10	Victimization: α = 0.85; perpetration: α = 0.85	Yes	None			X	X
Illinois Bully Scale (Espelage & Holt, 2001)	18	Victimization: α = 0.88; perpetration: α = 0.87; physical fighting: α = 0.83	No	n/a	X		X	X
Introducing My Classmates (Gottheil & Dubow, 2001a)	8	n/a	No	n/a		X		X
Modified Aggression Scale (Bosworth, Espelage, & Simon, 1999)	5	Perpetration: α = 0.83	No	n/a		X	X	X
Modified Peer Nomination Inventory (Perry, Kusel, & Perry, 1988)	14	Victimization: α = 0.96; split-half alpha range = 0.78–0.98; test–retest r = 0.93 over 3 months	No	n/a		X	X
Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Mynard & Joseph, 2000)	16	Physical victimization: α = 0.85; verbal victimization: α = 0.75; social manipulation: α = 0.77; attacks on property: α = 0.73	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm		X	X	X
New Participant Role Scale (Goossens, Olthof, & Dekker, 2006)	32	Perpetrator: α = 0.96; follower: α = 0.95; outsider: α = 0.94; defender: α = 0.88; victim: α = 0.93	No	n/a				X	X
Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (Solberg & Olweus, 2003)	36	Victimization: α = 0.88; perpetration: α = 0.87	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors Victim experiences harm	X	X	X	X	X
Pacific Rim Bullying Measure (Konishi & Hymel, 2009)	12	Victimization: α = 0.73; perpetration: α = 0.77	Yes	Power imbalance Repetition Aggressive behaviors		X	X	X
Participant Role Questionnaire (Salmivalli & Voeten, 2004)	15	Perpetration: α = 0.93; assistant α = 0.95; reinforcer α = 0.90; defender α = 0.89; outsider α = 0.88	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors Victim experiences harm		X	X	X
Peer Interactions in Primary School Questionnaire (Tarshis & Huffman, 2007)	22	Total α = 0.90; victimization: test–retest r = 0.87; perpetration: test–retest r = 0.76	No	n/a		X	X	X	X
Peer Relations Assessment Questionnaire (Rigby & Slee, 1993)	20	Victimization α = 0.86 (School A), α = 0.78 (School B); perpetration α = 0.75 (School A), α = 0.78 (School B)	No	n/a	X	X	X	X
Peer Relationship Survey (Cho, Hendrickson, & Mock, 2009)	20	Victimization: α = 0.89; perpetration: α = 0.90	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors Victim experiences harm		X	X
Perception of Teasing Scale (Thompson et al., 1995)	22	Weight-teasing victimization α = 0.88, test–retest for frequency = 0.90, test–retest for effect = 0.85; competence-teasing victimization α = 0.75, test–retest for frequency = 0.82, test–retest for effect = 0.66	No	n/a			X	X	X
Personal Experiences Checklist (Hunt, Peters, & Rapee, 2012)	32	Overall test–retest r = 0.79 (0.61– 0.86); verbal–relational bullying: α = 0.91, test–retest r = 0.75; cyber bullying α = 0.90, test–retest r = 0.86; physical bullying α = 0.91, test–retest r = 0.61; bullying based on culture α = 0.78, test–retest r = 0.77	No	n/a			X	X
Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale (Thompson, Fabian, Moulton, Dunn, & Altabe, 1991)	18	Weight-size teasing victimization α = 0.91, test–retest = 0.86; general appearance teasing victimization α = 0.71, test–retest = 0.87	No	n/a			X
Reactive–Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (Raine et al., 2006)	23	Reactive perpetration: α = 0.84; proactive perpetration: α = 0.86; total perpetration: α = 0.90	No	n/a	X	X	X	X	X
Retrospective Bullying Questionnaire (Schäfer et al., 2004)	44	Primary school victimization: test– retest r = 0.88; secondary school victimization test–retest r = 0.87	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors			X	X
Reynolds Bully-Victimization Scale for Schools (Peters & Bain, 2011)	46	Victimization: α = 0.93, test–retest r = 0.80; perpetration: α = 0.93, test–retest r = 0.81	No	n/a	X	X	X	X	X
School Climate and Bullying Scale (McConville & Cornell, 2003)	59	Victimization: α = 0.75	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Aggressive behaviors Victim experiences harm	X	X	X	X	X
Self Report Inventory of Setting the Record Straight (Gottheil & Dubow, 2001b)	15	Victimization: α = 0.88; perpetration: α = 0.72	No	n/a		X		X
Social Bullying Involvement Scales (Fitzpatrick & Bussey, 2011)	96	Social victim: α = 0.97; social bully α = 0.93; social witness: α = 0.96; social intervener: α = 0.97	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors Victim experiences harm		X	X	X	X
Survey of Knowledge of Internet Risk & Internet Behavior (Gable, Ludlow, McCoach, & Kite, 2011)	10	Total: α = 0.69	No	n/a		X		X
The School Life Survey (Chan, Myron, & Crawshaw, 2005)	24	Victimization α = 0.83, test–retest r = 0.939; perpetration test–retest r = 0.835	No	n/a		X	X	X
The Swearer Bully Survey (Swearer & Cary, 2003)	31	Total: α = 0.87; physical bullying: α = 0.79; verbal bullying: α = 0.85	Yes	Power imbalance Intent to cause harm Repetition Aggressive behaviors	X	X	X	X	X
Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Survey (Hinduja & Patchin, 2010)	34	Victimization: α = 0.88; perpetration: α = 0.88; cyber victimization: α = 0.74; cyber perpetration: α = 0.76	No	n/a		X	X	X	X
Victimization of Self and Victimization of Others (Vernberg, Jacobs, & Hershberger, 1999)	18	Victimization: α = 0.85; perpetration: α = 0.78	Yes	Intent to cause harm Victim experiences harm		X	X	X	X
Victimization Scale (Orpinas, Horne, & Staniszewski, 2003)	10	Victimization: α = 0.86	No	n/a		X	X	X	X
Weight-Based Teasing Scale (Eisenberg, Neumark- Sztainer, & Perry, 2003)	5	Victimization: α = 0.84	No	n/a			X	X

^aThis column represents the item-specific language or response option language. This should be distinguished from the “definition components” column, which describes which components were included in the bullying definition provided to participants.