Table 3.

Cortical and subcortical areas of significant peak BOLD-signal increase during the two conditions active and passive stepping at the three different levels of foot load 0, 20, and 40, as revealed by separate one-sample t-tests

Condition	Load level	Anatomy	Left hemisphere						Right hemisphere
			Area	t	kE	x	y	z	Area	t	kE	x	y	z
Active	0	SMA-proper	–	–	–	–	–	–	4a	13.37	2283	12	−28	52
		Superior occipital gyrus	–	–	–	–	–	–	18	8.69	83	20	−92	24
	20	Vermis	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	36.26	625	8	−42	−24
		S1/M1	6	14.17	860	−10	−28	72	–	–	–	–	–	–
		Thalamus	–	9.1	72	−24	−18	14	–	–	–	–	–	–
	40	Anterior insula	–	7.21	45	−46	2	2	–	17.7	252	48	0	−2
		Vermis	–	8.45	63	−2	−68	−36	–	16.2	490	4	−48	−12
		Middle occipital gyrus	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	11.92	229	44	−72	6
		Precuneus	–	10.7	1498	−14	−38	58	–	–	–	–	–	–
		S2	OP1	9.55	122	−48	−28	22	OP2	8.92	58	36	−24	20
		Thalamus	–	8.58	71	−18	−24	6	–	–	–	–	–	–
		Superior occipital gyrus	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	7.14	52	18	−90	20
Passive	0	S2	IPC	21.59	383	−56	-26	18	IPC	11.19	172	38	−30	22
		Vermis	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	13.83	255	4	−48	−8
		Putamen	–	10.49	60	−28	−4	10	–	9.29	88	32	−4	2
		Precuneus	4a	9.62	380	−6	−40	70	–	–	–	–	–	–
		SMA-proper	–	–	–	–	–	–	6	8.41	307	4	−12	72
	20	S1/M1	–	–	–	–	–	–	4a	7.23	135	12	−26	58
	40	S2	IPC	14.57	116	−44	−32	22	OP1	10.91	138	46	−30	16
		SMA-proper	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	8.78	174	14	−26	54
		S1/M1	4a	6.59	77	−4	−28	54	–	–	–	–	–	–
		Precuneus	4a	5.86	46	−4	−40	66	–	–	–	–	–	–

S1/M1 = primary sensorimotor cortex, S2 = secondary somatosensory cortex, SMA = supplementary motor area, t = maximum t statistic, k_E = cluster size, voxel threshold is p ≤ 0.001, cluster corrected, k ≥ 42 consecutive voxels