Table 2.
Crude drug samples used in this study
| Drug name | Abr. | Production area | Obtained from | Code no. | Collection date | TMPW no. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White peony root | WPR | Bozhou, Anhui, China | Bozhou, Anhui, China | D1a | 2006.05.02 | 25071 |
| White peony root | WPR | Bozhou, Anhui, China | Bozhou, Anhui, China | D2a | 2006.05.02 | 25072 |
| White peony root | WPR | Bozhou, Anhui, China | Bozhou, Anhui, China | D3a | 2006.10.17 | 25244 |
| White peony root | WPR | Bozhou, Anhui, China | Bozhou, Anhui, China | D17a | 2006.05.02 | 25073 |
| White peony root | WPR | Anhui, China | Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China | D23 a | 2010.10.14 | 26975 |
| White peony root | WPR | Zhongjiang, Sichuan, China | Jihuang, Zhongjiang, Sichuan, China | D4a | 2002.09.23 | 25820 |
| White peony root | WPR | Zhejiang, China | Cenxi, Guangxi, China | D18a | 2008.09.06 | 25973 |
| White peony root | WPR | Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China | Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China | D22a | 2010.10.13 | 26974 |
| White peony root | WPR | Pan’an, Zhejiang, China | Pan’an, Zhejiang, China | D29a | 2009.08.05 | 26620 |
| White peony root | WPR | Jiangsu, China | Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China | D24a | 2010.10.16 | 26976 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D30 | 2010 | 27685 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D31 | 2009 | 27689 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D32 | 2008 | 27690 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D33 | 2008 | 27691 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D34 | 2009 | 27693 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D35 | 2010 | 27696 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D36 | 2009 | 27697 |
| Peony root | PR | Zhejiang, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D37 | 2010 | 27686 |
| Peony root | PR | Sichuan, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D38 | 2009 | 27687 |
| Peony root | PR | Sichuan, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D39 | 2009 | 27692 |
| Peony root | PR | Sichuan, China | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D40 | Unknown | 27699 |
| Peony root | PR | Zhejiang, China | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D45 a | 2012.09.04 | 27887 |
| Peony root | PR | Sichuan, China | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D46 a | 2012.09.04 | 27888 |
| Peony root | PR | Anhui, China | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D47 a | 2012.09.04 | 27889 |
| Peony root | PR | China | Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan | D48 a | 2012.09.04 | 27890 |
| Peony root | PR | China | Matsuura Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan | D53a | 2012.10.04 | 27892 |
| Peony root (Bonten) | PR | Toyama, Japan | Nara, Japan | D50a | 2008.02.15 | 25834 |
| Peony root (Bonten) | PR | Toyama, Japan | Nara, Japan | D51a | 2008.02.15 | 25835 |
| Peony root (Bonten) | PR | Toyama, Japan | Nara, Japan | D52a | 2008.02.15 | 25836 |
| Peony root | PR | Niigata, Japan | Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan | D6 a | 2008.10.07 | 26400 |
| Peony root (Yamato) | PR | Nara, Japan | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D7a | 2008.02.14 | 25818 |
| Peony root (Yamato) | PR | Hokkaido and Nagano, Japan | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D8a | 2008.02.14 | 25819 |
| Peony root (Yamato) | PR | Nara, Japan | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D9a | 2008.10.31 | 26107 |
| Peony root (Yamato) | PR | Nara, Japan | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D10a | 2008.10.31 | 26398 |
| Peony root | PR | Nagano, Japan | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D41 | 2009 | 27688 |
| Peony root | PR | Nara, Japan | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D42 | 2010 | 27694 |
| Peony root | PR | Niigata, Japan | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D43 | 2010 | 27695 |
| Peony root | PR | Nara, Japan | National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan | D44 | 2010 | 27698 |
| Peony root | PR | Japan | Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan | D49a | 2012.09.04 | 27891 |
| Red peony root | RPR | Sichuan, China | Cenxi, Guangxi, China | D16a | 2008.09.06 | 25974 |
| Red peony root | RPR | Inner Mongolia, China | Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China | D12a | 2002.09.14 | 21565 |
| Red peony root | RPR | Inner Mongolia, China | Bozhou, Anhui, China | D13a | 2006.05.01 | 25047 |
| Red peony root | RPR | China | Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan | D14 a | 2008.10.07 | 26401 |
| Red peony root | RPR | Inner Mongolia, China | Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan | D15a | 2008.10.16 | 26406 |
| Red peony root | RPR | China | Matsuura Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan | D54a | 2012.10.04 | 27893 |
| Red peony rootb | RPRb | Ganzi, Sichuan, China | Ganzi, Sichuan, China | D11a | 1996.07.11 | 17304 |
aSamples used in chemical analysis; italicized number: multiple individuals in the sample were analyzed
bThis sample is derived from P. veitchii; apart from this sample the others are derived from P. lactiflora based on sequence analysis results