Fig. 6.

Effect of cotreatment with Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) on the alloreactive T cell response during cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment. CD4+ T cells from the spleens of normal C57BL/6 mice were cultured with irradiated non-CD4+ T cells from BALB/c mice in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) during treatment with CsA and/or KRGE for 72 h. (A) Alloreactive T cell proliferation detected by (³H)-thymidine incorporation. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-17, interferon gamma (IFNγ), and IL-4 in the culture supernatants (B) and intracellular flow cytometry analysis of cells stained with CD4, CD25, and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) (C). Note that the cotreatment with KRGE significantly increased regulatory T cells (Tregs) and decreased IL-17 concentration and alloreactive T cell proliferation compared with the CsA-only condition. The data are presented as means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments. The p value was < 0.05 vs. the other treatment conditions. Allo, allogeneic stimulator; Syn, syngeneic stimulator.