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. 2016 Jan 7;6:1108. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01108

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Copyright © 2016 Miller, Chezem and Clay.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Simplified phenylpropanoid pathway depicting the flavonoid (in purple) and lignin branch pathways, major flavonoid classes and basic flavonoid structures. Multiple arrows indicate multiple enzymatic steps. Key flavonoid steps: CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; FLS, flavonol synthase, DFR, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; UFGT, UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase.