Table 8. Comparison of clinical features and laboratory results between HIV-negative TBM and HIV-positive TBM patients.
| Characteristics | Patients |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-negative | HIV co-infection | |||
| General information | ||||
| Male, n/N (%) | 218/401 | 54.4 | 60/120 | 50.0 |
| HIV status, n/N (%)** | 0/401 | 0 | 106/120 | 88.3 |
| Prior TB, n/N (%) | 105/401 | 26.2 | 34/115 | 29.6 |
| Neurological symptoms, n/N (%) | ||||
| Headache | 215/401 | 53.6 | 61/114 | 53.5 |
| Confusion** | 104/401 | 25.9 | 61/114 | 53.5 |
| Vomiting* | 78/401 | 19.5 | 38/114 | 33.3 |
| Seizures* | 26/401 | 6.0 | 15/114 | 13.2 |
| Neck stiffness** | 64/401 | 16.0 | 73/114 | 64.0 |
| Features of TB elsewhere, n/N (%)** | 47/401 | 11.7 | 87/114 | 76.3 |
| MRI/CT abnormalities, n/N (%) | ||||
| Hydrocephalus** | 18/401 | 4.5 | 10/44 | 22.7 |
| Meningeal enhancement | 96/401 | 23.9 | 12/44 | 27.3 |
| Infarct** | 13/401 | 3.2 | 18/44 | 40.9 |
| Outcomes, n/N (%) | ||||
| Dead** | 21/401 | 5.2 | 45/120 | 37.5 |
| Survived** | 380/401 | 94.8 | 75/120 | 62.5 |
| Diagnostic score, n/N (%) | ||||
| Definite | 131/401 | 32.7 | 47/120 | 39.2 |
| Probable | 107/401 | 26.7 | 35/120 | 29.2 |
| Possible | 95/401 | 23.7 | 38/120 | 31.7 |
*p < 0.05.
**p < 0.01.