Table 4.
Groups | Effect size and 95% Interval | Test of null (Two-Tail) | Heterogeneity | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | Number of Studies | Point estimate | Lower limit | Upper limit | Z-value | P-value | Q-value | df (Q) | P-value | I-squared |
Fixed effect analysis | ||||||||||
<2008 | 5 | 0.292 | 0.285 | 0.298 | -103.687 | 0.000 | 1 122.177 | 4 | 0.000 | 99.644 |
>2008 | 9 | 0.222 | 0.220 | 0.224 | -348.701 | 0.000 | 17 768.603 | 8 | 0.000 | 99.955 |
Total within | 18 890.780 | 12 | 0.000 | |||||||
Total between | 460.300 | 1 | 0.000 | |||||||
Overall | 14 | 0.229 | 0.228 | 0.231 | -363.157 | 0.000 | 19 351.080 | 13 | 0.000 | 99.933 |