Table 1.

Rates of complications in adult patients after DC and cranioplasty

	Overall estimated frequencyc	Complication typea	Estimated frequencyb	TBI	Ischemic stroke	Hemorrhagic stroke	Others/ unspecified
Complications of DC	13.4 % (2256/16791)	Hemorrhagic complications	12.0 % (586/4848)	11.9 % (414/3443)	20.7 % (130/627)	2.7 % (9/339)	7.5 % (33/439)
		Infectious/inflammatory complications	6.9 % (300/4349)	5.5 % (150/2720)	9.4 % (52/556)	12.6 % (66/522)	5.8 % (32/551)
		CSF disturbances	18.0 % (1370/7594)	18.4 % (1094/5939)	17.1 % (142/828)	17.4 % (50/287)	15.6 % (84/540)
Complications of Cranioplasty	6.4 % (1249/19638)	Hemorrhagic complications	3.6 % (113/3101)	5.4 % (23/426)	4.6 % (13/285)	5.5 % (12/217)	3.0 % (65/2173)
		Infectious/inflammatory complications	6.0 % (565/9359)	7.4 % (172/2318)	5.8 % (34/588)	5.1 % (9/178)	5.6 % (350/6275)
		CSF disturbances	5.4 % (143/2659)	6.3 % (81/1293)	6.0 % (11/182)	6.0 % (11/183)	4.0 % (40/1001)
		Bone Flap resorption/depression and Cosmetic defects	9.5 % (428/4519)	12.5 % (144/1151)	12.7 % (28/221)	2.9 % (3/102)	8.3 % (253/3045)
			Total estimated patient frequencyd	12.0 % (2078/17290)	12.5 % (410/3287)	8.8 % (160/1828)	6.1 % (857/14024)

All data reported in this table refer to adult injury

TBI traumatic brain injury, Stroke ischemic stroke, ICH intracerebral hemorrhage, SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage

^aComplications and indications for DC were categorized according to authors’ descriptions

^bEstimated occurrence was calculated by treating patient complications as independent events, which were then averaged across indication and broad categories of complications

^cOverall estimated occurrence was calculated by averaging estimated occurrences of broad categories of complications

^dTotal estimated patient incidence of complications for a specific subset of neurosurgical patients was calculated by averaging the rates of each category of complication