(a) Adults’ task performance was positively correlated with MRS in right caudate and negatively correlated with MRS in middle occipital gyrus (MOG) and parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). (b) Children’s task performance, in contrast, was negatively correlated with MRS in multiple brain regions, including left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and postcentral gyrus in posterior parietal cortex, inferior and middle frontal gyri (IFG, MFG) in prefrontal cortex, and supplementary motor area (SMA). Red and blue color intensity indicate positive and negative correlation between task performance and MRS levels (T-score), respectively, in each group.