Figure 4.

MSC and combinatory treatments augment neurogenesis after injury. (A): Representative picture of the dentate gyrus (DG) depicting DCX+ cells in the SGZ. (B): Representative picture illustrating length used to normalize the number of DCX+ cells. (C): Quantification of DCX+ cells in the DG of sham-operated rats, rats subjected to CCI, CCI followed by intraperitoneal propranolol infusion (10 mg/kg) 1 hour postinjury, CCI followed by intravenous MSCs infusion (10⁷ cells per kilogram) 72 hours postinjury, and CCI followed by the propranolol and MSC treatment, all measured 7 days postinjury. ∗, p < .05; ∗∗, p < .01. One-way analysis of variance was followed by Tukey’s test for differences between groups and unpaired t test for differences between ipsilateral and contralateral. Abbreviations: CCI, controlled cortical impact injury; DCX+, doublecortin-positive; MSC, mesenchymal stromal cell; n.s., not significant; Pro, propranolol; SGZ, subgranular zone.