Table 3.
Results of multilevel autoregressive models estimating associations between emotional inertia and positive indicators of well-being.
| Study 1 (N = 100)a |
Study 2 (N = 202) |
Meta-analysis |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI |
95% CI |
95% CI |
||||||||||
| Well-being measure | Est. (SE) | LL | UL | p | Est. (SE) | LL | UL | p | r | LL | UL | p |
| Life satisfaction | ||||||||||||
| NE inertia (Raw) | -0.01 (0.03) | –0.07 | 0.04 | 0.644 | -0.04 (0.02) | –0.08 | -0.01 | 0.014 | –0.13 | –0.24 | –0.01 | 0.030 |
| NE inertia (Standardized) | -0.02 (0.03) | –0.07 | 0.03 | 0.505 | -0.03 (0.02) | –0.06 | 0.00 | 0.061 | –0.11 | –0.22 | 0.00 | 0.055 |
| PE inertia (Raw) | -0.01 (0.02) | –0.06 | 0.03 | 0.595 | -0.02 (0.02) | –0.05 | 0.02 | 0.383 | –0.06 | –0.17 | 0.05 | 0.309 |
| PE inertia (Standardized) | 0.00 (0.02) | –0.04 | 0.04 | 0.948 | -0.01 (0.02) | –0.04 | 0.02 | 0.341 | –0.04 | –0.16 | 0.07 | 0.458 |
| Self-esteem | ||||||||||||
| NE inertia (Raw) | -0.03 (0.02) | –0.08 | 0.02 | 0.187 | -0.03 (0.02) | –0.06 | 0.00 | 0.050 | –0.14 | –0.25 | –0.02 | 0.018 |
| NE inertia (Standardized) | -0.06 (0.02) | –0.11 | –0.01 | 0.015 | -0.04 (0.01) | –0.07 | -0.01 | 0.011 | –0.20 | –0.31 | –0.09 | <0.001 |
| PE inertia (Raw) | -0.03 (0.02) | –0.08 | 0.01 | 0.124 | -0.03 (0.02) | –0.06 | 0.00 | 0.074 | –0.14 | –0.25 | –0.02 | 0.019 |
| PE inertia (Standardized) | -0.02 (0.02) | –0.06 | 0.02 | 0.354 | -0.02 (0.01) | –0.04 | 0.01 | 0.243 | –0.09 | –0.20 | 0.03 | 0.137 |
| Positive affectivity | ||||||||||||
| NE inertia (Raw) | -0.01 (0.02) | –0.05 | 0.03 | 0.752 | -0.02 (0.02) | –0.05 | 0.01 | 0.252 | –0.06 | –0.18 | 0.05 | 0.263 |
| NE inertia (Standardized) | -0.03 (0.03) | –0.09 | 0.03 | 0.327 | 0.00 (0.01) | –0.03 | 0.02 | 0.746 | –0.02 | –0.13 | 0.10 | 0.768 |
| PE inertia (Raw) | 0.01 (0.02) | –0.03 | 0.05 | 0.724 | -0.02 (0.02) | –0.05 | 0.01 | 0.250 | –0.04 | –0.16 | 0.07 | 0.459 |
| PE inertia (Standardized) | 0.00 (0.02) | –0.04 | 0.04 | 0.891 | -0.03 (0.01) | –0.06 | 0.00 | 0.024 | –0.09 | –0.25 | 0.08 | 0.303 |
| Extraversion | ||||||||||||
| NE inertia (Raw) | -0.04 (0.02) | –0.09 | 0.01 | 0.084 | 0.00 (0.01) | –0.03 | 0.02 | 0.827 | –0.07 | –0.25 | 0.12 | 0.484 |
| NE inertia (Standardized) | -0.07 (0.03) | –0.12 | –0.01 | 0.015 | 0.01 (0.01) | –0.02 | 0.03 | 0.711 | –0.10 | –0.36 | 0.17 | 0.459 |
| PE inertia (Raw) | 0.02 (0.02) | –0.03 | 0.07 | 0.395 | 0.01 (0.02) | –0.03 | 0.05 | 0.642 | 0.05 | –0.06 | 0.16 | 0.386 |
| PE inertia (Standardized) | 0.01 (0.02) | –0.03 | 0.06 | 0.603 | -0.01 (0.02) | –0.04 | 0.02 | 0.686 | 0.00 | –0.12 | 0.11 | 0.973 |
Meta-analysis results (based on random-effects models) show the average effect size, r, across Studies 1 and 2.
an = 98 for all analyses using standardized negative emotion scores in Study 1.