Table 1. Mean ± SEM (ranges in parenthesis) values of non-sequential and sequential EPG variables for the probing behaviour of Myzus persicae apterae adults on pepper plants grown under aCO2 (400 ppm) and eCO2 (650 ppm).
| Non-sequential variables | Treatment | PPW | NWEI | p | WDI | p | WDE | p | Percentage | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-probe | aCO2 | 42/42 | 23.26 ± 2.30 (4–57) | 0.027 | 2085.45 ± 262.35 (240.31–6967.96) | 0.378 | 94.22 ± 5.58 (2.33–1689.09) | 0.001 | ||
| eCO2 | 40/40 | 17.03 ± 2.51 (1–64) | 1936.62 ± 282.37 (139.10–7443.69) | 84.24 ± 7.61 (1.30–1849.54) | ||||||
| Probe | aCO2 | 42/42 | 23.17 ± 2.30 (4–57) | 0.028 | 26699.29 ± 262.35 (21816.76–28544.55) | 0.378 | 1174.15 ± 172.43 (9.77–27425.60) | 0.369 | ||
| eCO2 | 40/40 | 17.00 ± 2.51 (1–64) | 26848.12 ± 282.37 (21341.07–28645.64) | 1475.05 ± 211.92 (9.75–25800.66) | ||||||
| pd | aCO2 | 42/42 | 118.60 ± 9.39 (25–256) | 0.185 | 599.13 ± 51.79 (123.00–1560.81) | 0.170 | 5.31 ± 0.02 (2.94–12.00) | <0.001 | ||
| eCO2 | 40/40 | 107.05 ± 11.94 (21–301) | 532.77 ± 60.20 (81.82–1615.75) | 4.86 ± 0.02 (2.91–13.27) | ||||||
| C | aCO2 | 42/42 | 27.01 ± 2.53 (4–65) | 0.017 | 10041.60 ± 865.03 (2289.27–22618.31) | 0.330 | 391.90 ± 27.53 (9.77–5813.95) | 0.601 | 38.51 ± 3.54 (8.10–85.64) | 0.344 |
| eCO2 | 40/40 | 19.35 ± 2.57 (3–66) | 9109.61 ± 986.98 (1183.33–23545.48) | 428.46 ± 33.30 (9.75–6750.34) | 35.19 ± 4.09 (4.15–92.90) | |||||
| E1 | aCO2 | 42/42 | 4.79 ± 0.50 (1–14) | 0.016 | 1367.96 ± 198.98 (37.06–5410.55) | 0.037 | 251.49 ± 30.97 (21.35–1551.16) | 0.614 | 5.12 ± 0.74 (0.13–19.62) | 0.021 |
| eCO2 | 39/40 | 3.35 ± 0.47 (0–14) | 887.69 ± 155.08 (29.93–4178.15) | 328.21 ± 61.52 (5.28–3479.72) | 3.29 ± 0.62 (0.00–17.94) | |||||
| Single E1 | aCO2 | 32/42 | 2.29 ± 0.34 (0–8) | 0.009 | ||||||
| eCO2 | 21/40 | 1.23 ± 0.29 (0–8) | ||||||||
| E2 | aCO2 | 41/42 | 2.50 ± 0.30 (0–9) | 0.385 | 14030.68 ± 1310.98 (33.62–25363.72) | 0.272 | 4832.44 ± 1046.12 (9.26–25363.72) | 0.386 | 50.22 ± 4.74 (0.00–89.82) | 0.425 |
| eCO2 | 38/40 | 2.13 ± 0.25 (0–6) | 15793.52 ± 1334.13 (1409.46–27163.43) | 6217.17 ± 1112.24 (25.31–24282.08) | 54.50 ± 4.80 (0.00–95.09) | |||||
| Probe after 1st E1 | aCO2 | 32/42 | 10.17 ± 1.83 (0–44) | 0.005 | ||||||
| eCO2 | 16/40 | 5.70 ± 1.62 (0–39) | ||||||||
| Sequential variables | ||||||||||
| End of last pd to end of probe | aCO2 | 42/42 | 381.19 ± 165.28 (1.70–5788.84) | 0.005 | ||||||
| eCO2 | 40/40 | 1993.63 ± 942.89 (3.48–27379.65) |
P-values according to Mann Whitney U-test for non-Gaussian variables. Bold-type indicates significant differences (p ≤ 0.05).
PPW, proportion of individuals that produced the waveform type; NWEI, number of waveform events per insect; WDI, waveform duration (sec) per insect; WDE, waveform duration (sec) per event. Probe: probe activity. Waveforms: pd, short intracellular punctures; C, intercellular stylet pathway; E1, phloem salivation; single E1, E1 not followed by E2.