Table 2.
Signs and Symptoms Reported for Fatal and Nonfatal Cases of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in 2 Tribal Communities in Eastern Arizona
| Symptom | Day of Onset, Median (Range) | Nonfatal Frequencies, No. (%) | Fatal Frequencies, No. (%) | RR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fever | Day 1 (1–14) | 149/187 (79.7) | 15/15 (100) | Undefined | Undefined |
| Tmax, median | 101.8 (96.4–106.3) | 103.2 (100.4–105.7) | P =.01 | ||
| Chills | Day 1 (1–14) | 43/123 (35) | 4/10 (40) | 1.22 | .36–4.11 |
| Headache | Day 1 (1–14) | 72/126 (57.1) | 6/9 (66.7) | 1.46 | .38–5.60 |
| Rash | Day 2 (1–14) | 117/178 (65.7) | 13/14 (92.9) | 6.20 | .83–46.34 |
| Abdominal pain | Day 3 (1–9) | 41/145 (28.3) | 7/9 (77.8) | 7.73 | 1.67–35.84 |
| Anorexia | Day 1.5 (1–9) | 43/116 (37.1) | 8/9 (88.9) | 11.61 | 1.50–89.99 |
| Nausea | Day 1 (1–9) | 65/146 (44.5) | 9/10 (90) | 9.97 | 1.29–76.85 |
| Vomiting | Day 1 (1–10) | 68/157 (43.3) | 9/12 (75) | 3.58 | 1.01–12.78 |
| Diarrhea | Day 1 (1–8) | 44/151 (29.1) | 8/12 (67) | 4.27 | 1.35–13.54 |
| Hepatomegaly | Day 3 (1–11) | 5/135 (3.7) | 2/10 (20) | 4.93 | 1.28–19.02 |
| Splenomegaly | Day 1.5 (0–7) | 1/133 (0.8) | 1/10 (10) | 7.83 | 1.71–35.93 |
| Coughing | Day 1 (1–12) | 62/157 (39.5) | 6/12 (50) | 1.49 | .50–4.41 |
| Wheezing | Day 2 (1–6) | 9/152 (5.9) | 0/12 (0) | Undefined | Undefined |
| Chest pain | Day 1 (1–12) | 10/118 (8.5) | 2/11 (18.2) | 2.17 | .53–8.90 |
| Nasal congestion | Day 1 (1–11) | 40/145 (27.6) | 3/10 (30.0) | 1.12 | .30–4.12 |
| Sore throat | Day 1.5 (1–13) | 26/126 (20.6) | 1/8 (12.5) | 0.57 | .07–4.41 |
| Difficulty swallowing | Day 2 (1–4) | 2/112 (1.8) | 1/8 (12.5) | 5.57 | .96–32.19 |
| Ear pain | Day 3 (1–7) | 12/118 (10.2) | 1/8 (12.5) | 1.24 | .17–9.31 |
| Conjunctivitis | Day 2 (1–10) | 19/137 (13.9) | 3/11 (27.3) | 2.15 | .62–7.48 |
| Periorbital edema | Day 4 (1–9) | 3/134 (2.2) | 4/13 (30.8) | 8.89 | 3.61–21.88 |
| Photophobia | Day 1 (1–6) | 5/109 (4.6) | 0/8 (0) | 0 | Undefined |
| Fatigue | Day 2 (1–12) | 51/118 (43.2) | 9/12 (75) | 3.5 | .99–12.34 |
| Lethargy | Day 5 (1–8) | 17/111 (15.3) | 7/10 (70.0) | 9.43 | 2.63 |
| Irritability | Day 3 (1–9) | 17/114 (14.9) | 3/9 (33.3) | 2.58 | .70–9.45 |
| Dizziness | Day 1 (1–12) | 19/103 (18.4) | 2/7 (28.6) | 1.7 | .35–8.14 |
| Neck pain | Day 5 (1–10) | 16/132 (12.1) | 0/9 (0) | 0 | Undefined |
| Seizures | Day 6 (1–10) | 4/132 (3.0) | 3/10 (30.0) | 8.27 | 2.70–25.31 |
| MSC | Day 5 (1–13) | 16/155 (10.3) | 13/14 (92.9) | 62.76 | 8.54–461.09 |
| Muscle pain | Day 1 (1–10) | 50/118 (42.4) | 3/11 (27.3) | 0.54 | .15–1.93 |
| Peripheral edema | Day 3 (1–10) | 13/133 (9.8) | 5/14 (35.7) | 3.98 | 1.50–10.56 |
| LAD | Day 2.5 (1–9) | 5/117 (4.3) | 0/12 (0) | Undefined | Undefined |
| Jaundice | Day 4 (1–8) | 2/135 (1.5) | 4/14 (28.6) | 9.53 | 4.19–21.71 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; LAD, lymphadenopathy; MSC, mental status change; RR, risk ratio; Tmax, maximum recorded temperature during course of illness.