Table 1. Theoretical Framework of Factors that can Increase Mentalization of Social Robots.
Variables | References | ||
---|---|---|---|
Observer Features | Cognitive | Agent knowledge: mind attribution, mental states | Frith & Frith [1] |
Waytz et al. [3] | |||
Agent behavior: intentionality, motives, cause of behavior | Dennett [5] | ||
Wiese et al. [6] | |||
Ristic & Kingstone [19] | |||
Motivation | Effectance | Epley et al. [4] | |
Sociality | Ames et al. [11] | ||
Davis et al. [12] | |||
Epley et al. [13] | |||
Sense of control | Kay et al. [10] | ||
Agent Features | Behavior | Predictability | Waytz et al. [3] |
Rosset [9] | |||
Negative consequences | Morewedge [15] | ||
Motion pattern | Heider & Simmel [7] | ||
Abell et al. [16] | |||
Castelli et al. [17] | |||
Klein et al. [18] | |||
Appearance | Similarity to humans | Kiesler [20] | |
Looser & Wheatley [21] | |||
Design type: functional and biologically inspired | Fong, Nourbakhsh, & Dautenhahn [22] |