(A) Granule-positive Paneth cells were quantified per crypt at different ages in IUGR and sham mice (P14 Sham n = 14, P14 IUGR n = 5, P28 Sham n = 12, P28 IUGR n = 6, P56 Sham n = 7, P56 IUGR n = 7). IUGR mice had significantly fewer Paneth cell counts at P14 (p = 0.01) and P28 (p = 0.002) compared to P14 shams. (B) Representative micrographs of P14 mice taken with a 40x objective showing Paneth cells as denoted by arrows in sham and IUGR. (C) IUGR mice also had significantly reduced lysozyme 1 (p<0.0001), cryptdin (p = 0.003), Ang4 (p = 0.017), and Reg3γ (p = 0.024) mRNA levels at P14. In contrast, cryptdin and Ang4 mRNA levels were significantly increased in P56 IUGR mice compared to sham mice (p = 0.02 and 0.003 respectively: P14 Sham n = 9, P14 IUGR n = 5, P28 Sham n = 7, P28 IUGR n = 6, P56 Sham n = 7, P56 IUGR n = 7).