(A) A protocol outlined describing the strategy to induce neurogenic transdifferentiation of ADMSCs. (B) Representative morphological images of ADMSCs before induction (up) and on day 1 post-induction (down). (C) Representative immunofluorescent images of neuronal markers (NSE and Tuj-1) and glial cell marker (GFAP) expressed in differentiated ADMSCs on day 1 post-induction. Red: neurogenic markers. Blue: DAPI. (D) A total of 12 differential expressed miRNAs, including 6 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated, were identified in the ADMSCs on day 0, 5 and 10 of the induction. The criteria was fold change ≥3 from day 0 to day 10, p<0.05. Columns represent samples and rows represent miRNAs (black, green, and red correspond to unchanged, down-regulated and upregulated, respectively). D0: day 0, D5: day 5, D10: day 10. (E) QRT-PCR analysis of miR-124 expression of the ADMSCs on day 0, day 5 and day 10 of induction. Transdiff. = transdifferentiated. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001.