Table 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by groups of estimated Lean Body Mass (eLBM) in 117,683 HD patients
| Estimate Lean Body Mass Group | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| Variables | Total | <41.3 | 41.3–<44.1 | 44.1–<46.4 | 46.4–<48.4 | 48.4–<50.5 | 50.5–<52.7 | 52.7–<55.2 | 55.2–<58.4 | 58.4–<63.2 | ≥63.2 | P value |
| N | 117,683 | 11,768 | 11,768 | 11,768 | 11,769 | 11,769 | 11,767 | 11,770 | 11,768 | 11,767 | 11,769 | |
| Age (years) | 62±15 | 67± 16 | 66 ±16 | 65±16 | 64 ±15 | 64±15 | 63±15 | 61 ±14 | 60 ±14 | 58±13 | 54 ±12 | <.0001 |
| Female (%) | 43 | 59 | 53 | 48 | 45 | 41 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 36 | <.0001 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | ||||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 48 | 40 | 45 | 47 | 48 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 49 | <.0001 |
| African American | 30 | 18 | 22 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 31 | 33 | 36 | 38 | 41 | <.0001 |
| Hispanic | 15 | 25 | 21 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | <.0001 |
| Asian | 3 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | <.0001 |
| Other | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | <.0001 |
| Insurance (%) | ||||||||||||
| Medicare | 53 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 45 | <.0001 |
| Medicaid | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 0.0251 |
| Other | 40 | 34 | 35 | 37 | 37 | 39 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 46 | 48 | <.0001 |
| Access (%) | ||||||||||||
| CVC | 78 | 81 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 77 | <.0001 |
| AV Fistula | 15 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | <.0001 |
| AV Graft | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | <.0001 |
| AV Other | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | 0.4865 |
| Unknown | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.5548 |
| Weight (kg) | 80.3±22.6 | 52.1±7.4 | 59.9±6.5 | 65.0±6.6 | 69.4±6.6 | 74.1±6.8 | 79.0±7.2 | 84.6±7.3 | 91.6±7.7 | 101.4±8.6 | 125.9±18.8 | <.0001 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 28.2±7.3 | 21.7±4.4 | 23.1±3.9 | 24.2±4.0 | 25.1±4.1 | 26.2±4.3 | 27.5±4.7 | 28.9±5.0 | 30.9±5.3 | 33.5±5.8 | 40.3±8.0 | <.0001 |
| eLBM (kg) | 51.6±8.9 | 38.4±2.5 | 42.8±0.8 | 45.3±0.7 | 47.4±0.6 | 49.5±0.6 | 51.6±0.6 | 53.9±0.7 | 56.7±0.9 | 60.5±1.4 | 69.4±5.9 | <.0001 |
| Comorbidities (%) | ||||||||||||
| Diabetes (%) | 59 | 50 | 53 | 55 | 56 | 59 | 60 | 62 | 63 | 65 | 67 | <.0001 |
| Atherosclerotic Disease | 15 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 0.3662 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 38 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 40 | 43 | 48 | <.0001 |
| Hypertension | 52 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | <.0001 |
| Other Cardiovascular Diseases | 16 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 0.0117 |
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.0005 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | <.0001 |
| History of cancer | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0.0011 |
| Substance Abuse | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.496 |
| Alcohol Dependence | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0009 |
| HIV | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.0585 |
| Laboratory values | ||||||||||||
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 8.7±0.6 | 8.6±0.7 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 8.7±0.6 | 0.0002 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 4.9±1.2 | 4.7±1.1 | 4.8±1.1 | 4.8±1.1 | 4.9±1.1 | 4.9±1.2 | 4.9±1.2 | 5.0±1.2 | 5.0±1.2 | 5.1±1.2 | 5.2±1.2 | <.0001 |
| Intact Parathyroid Hormone (pg/dl) | 312[197,483] | 264[161,415] | 282[177,432] | 291[180,449] | 295[189,455] | 305[195,466] | 310[201,477] | 325[209,498] | 335[213,516] | 352[224,535] | 381[241,582] | <.0001 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 281[163,482] | 365[208,625] | 314[182,545] | 312[179,534] | 294[170,500] | 281[161,488] | 275[162,460] | 267[157,458] | 256[150,432] | 248[147,413] | 234[140,387] | <.0001 |
| White Blood Cell Count (×103/μL) | 7.8±2.7 | 7.9±2.8 | 7.8±2.7 | 7.8±2.7 | 7.8±2.6 | 7.7±2.9 | 7.8±2.8 | 7.8±2.7 | 7.7±2.5 | 7.9±2.5 | 8.1±2.4 | 0.0167 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.1±1.2 | 11.2±1.2 | 11.2±1.2 | 11.2±1.2 | 11.2±1.2 | 11.2±1.2 | 11.1±1.2 | 11.1±1.2 | 11.1±1.2 | 11.1±1.2 | 11.0±1.2 | <.0001 |
| Residual Renal Function (ml/min) | 4.4±3.6 | 3.3±3.1 | 3.5±2.7 | 3.7±2.8 | 3.9±3.3 | 4.2±3.2 | 4.2±3.1 | 4.5±3.3 | 4.7±3.7 | 5.0±4.0 | 5.7±4.5 | <.0001 |
| Single Pool Kt/V | 1.5±0.3 | 1.8±0.3 | 1.6±0.3 | 1.6±0.3 | 1.5±0.3 | 1.5±0.3 | 1.4±0.3 | 1.4±0.3 | 1.4±0.3 | 1.3±0.3 | 1.2±0.3 | <.0001 |
| Urea Reduction Ratio (%) | 68.3±7.4 | 76.3±5.2 | 73.4±5.2 | 71.8±5.2 | 70.2±5.4 | 68.9±5.6 | 67.7±5.7 | 66.5±5.8 | 65.1±6.0 | 63.4±6.2 | 59.9±6.8 | <.0001 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.5±0.5 | 3.4±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.5 | 3.6±0.5 | 3.6±0.5 | 3.6±0.6 | <.0001 |
| Bicarbonate (mEq/l) | 23.6±2.7 | 23.6±2.8 | 23.5±2.8 | 23.6±2.7 | 23.6±2.7 | 23.6±2.7 | 23.6±2.7 | 23.5±2.7 | 23.5±2.7 | 23.5±2.6 | 23.4±2.6 | 0.0096 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 5.9±2.4 | 5.0±1.9 | 5.4±2.1 | 5.6±2.1 | 5.7±2.2 | 5.8±2.3 | 5.9±2.3 | 6.1±2.5 | 6.3±2.5 | 6.4±2.7 | 6.6±2.8 | <.0001 |
| nPCR (g/Kg/day) | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | <.0001 |
| Potassium (mg/dl) | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | 0.1669 |
| ISAT (%) | 23.1±9.0 | 24.8±10.2 | 24.1±9.5 | 24.0±9.6 | 23.4±9.1 | 23.3±9.2 | 23.0±9.1 | 22.7±8.9 | 22.3±8.3 | 22.0±8.2 | 21.3±7.7 | <.0001 |
| TIBC (μg/dl) | 225.7±48.9 | 213.2±48.1 | 218.4±47.7 | 220.7±47.9 | 222.3±48.7 | 224.8±48.5 | 225.6±48.3 | 228.7±48.4 | 231.5±48.5 | 234.1±48.3 | 238.2±49.3 | <.0001 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 20.7±7.5 | 20.0±7.5 | 20.4±7.5 | 20.5±7.4 | 20.7±7.6 | 20.8±7.7 | 20.6±7.6 | 20.8±7.5 | 21.0±7.4 | 20.9±7.4 | 21.0±7.3 | 0.0003 |
Note: Categorical variables are presented as percentages; continuous variables as mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: eLBM, estimated lean body mass; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; ISAT, iron saturation ratio; TIBC, total iron-binding capacity