Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics (Proportions) of Households and Adult Respondents in the Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing Demonstration Program, 1994/1997–2002a
| Characteristic | All Households (n = 4,219) | LPV Group Households (n = 1,716) |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline Health Status | ||
| Health problem in the household | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Child health problem | 0.09 | 0.1 |
| Assignment to Study Arm | ||
| LPV group | 0.41 | 1 |
| Traditional voucher group | 0.29 | |
| Control group | 0.31 | |
| Covariates Used as Control Variables in All Table 3 Models | ||
| Age on May 31, 1996, years | ||
| <25 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| 25–34 | 0.45 | 0.44 |
| 35–44 | 0.29 | 0.29 |
| Male sex | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Study siteb | ||
| Baltimore, Maryland | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Boston, Massachusetts | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Chicago, Illinois | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Los Angeles, California | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| African-American (non-Hispanic) | 0.63 | 0.63 |
| Hispanic | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Other | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Marital and parental status | ||
| Never married | 0.62 | 0.62 |
| Teenage parent | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Employment and welfare status | ||
| Working for pay | 0.26 | 0.27 |
| Receiving AFDC/TANF | 0.75 | 0.74 |
| Educational status | ||
| Enrolled in school | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Completed high school | 0.38 | 0.4 |
| Received General Equivalency Diploma | 0.19 | 0.17 |
| Possession of a car | 0.17 | 0.17 |
| Household member victimized by crime during past 6 months | 0.42 | 0.43 |
| Household size | ||
| No teenage (ages 13–17 years) children | 0.61 | 0.6 |
| No. of household members | ||
| ≤2 | 0.21 | 0.22 |
| 3 | 0.31 | 0.31 |
| 4 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Mobility history | ||
| Lived in neighborhood for ≥5 years | 0.61 | 0.6 |
| Moved >3 times in past 5 years | 0.09 | 0.09 |
| Neighborhood characteristics | ||
| Very dissatisfied with his/her neighborhood | 0.47 | 0.47 |
| Street near home very unsafe at night | 0.5 | 0.49 |
| Chatted with neighbor at least once a week | 0.52 | 0.52 |
| Very likely to tell neighbors if he/she saw their kids getting into trouble | 0.56 | 0.55 |
| No other family members living in the neighborhood | 0.64 | 0.65 |
| No friends living in the neighborhood | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| Mobility motivation | ||
| Very sure he/she would find an apartment in a different area of city | 0.46 | 0.46 |
| Getting away from gangs or drugs was primary or secondary reason for moving | 0.77 | 0.77 |
| Access to better schools was primary or secondary reason for moving | 0.48 | 0.47 |
| Had applied for Section 8 rental assistance voucher before | 0.42 | 0.42 |
Abbreviations: AFDC, Aid to Families with Dependent Children; LPV, low-poverty voucher; TANF, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.
a One adult respondent was selected from each household. Values are weighted.
b Reference site: New York, New York.