Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Craniofac Surg. 2016 Jan;27(1):222–228. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000002285

Table 1.

Morphology of the foramen ovale according to studies utilizing various subjective and ambiguous nomenclatures.

Authors Shape Sex Right Left Total (R + L)
N % N % N %
Berlis et al (1992)1 Truly oval 56.7
Elongated oval 31.7
Semicircular 11.7
Ray et al (2005)5 Oval 22 62.8 21 60 43 61.4
Almond 11 31.4 13 37.1 24 34.2
Round 1 2.8 1 2.8 2 2.8
Slit 1 2.8 0 0 1 1.4
Somesh et al (2011)7 Oval 48 58.53 45 54.87 93 56.70
Almond 24 29.26 23 28.04 47 28.65
Round 8 9.75 10 12.19 18 10.97
Irregular 2 2.43 4 4.87 6 3.65
Daimi et al (2011)6 D shape 46.16
Oval 29.87
Rounded 12.52
Elongated 10.41
Slit 1.04
Wadhwa et al (2012)17 Oval 19 23 42
Almond 6 3 9
Round 3 3 6
Slit 2 1 3
Gupta & Rai (2013)18 Oval 20 57.14 18 51.43 38 54.29
Almond 14 40.00 11 31.43 25 35.71
Round 1 2.86 5 14.29 6 8.57
Slit 0 0.00 1 2.86 1 1.43
Kahairnar & Bhusari (2013)8 Oval M 55 78.5 54 77.1 76.5
F 23 76.6 21 70.0
Almond M 6 8.5 9 12.9 10.5
F 3 10.0 3 10.0
Round M 5 7.1 5 7.1 7.0
F 1 3.3 3 10.0
Slit M 4 5.7 2 2.9 6.0
F 3 10.0 3 10.0
Patil et al (2014)19 Oval 40 44 84 70
Almond 4 2 6 5.0
Round 9 7 16 13.33
Slit 4 5 9 7.5
Pear 3 2 5 4.17

Hyphen “-“ designates information that was not included by the original report.