. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2015 Jul 9;29:90–99. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2015.06.009

Table 3.

Testing postures used to assess maximal voluntary isometric joint moment and active, pain-free range of motion.

Isometric joint moment
Abduction/Adduction	Flexion/Extension	Internal/External Rotation
Humerus abducted 30° in the coronal plane Elbow braced in extension Wrist braced in neutral	Humerus forward flexed 30° in the sagittal plane Elbow braced in extension Wrist braced in 90° pronation	Humerus abducted 30° in the coronal plane Elbow flexed 90°, restrained with an elastic bandage wrap Wrist braced in neutral

Active, pain-free range of motion
Abduction	Flexion/Extension	Internal/External Rotation
Humerus in neutral in the sagittal plane Elbow fully extended Wrist in neutral	Humerus in neutral in the sagittal plane Elbow fully extended Wrist in neutral	Humerus abducted 30° in the coronal plane Elbow flexed 90° Wrist in neutral