Table 2.

Means, standard deviation (SD) and correlations of psychological variables

Variables	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4
1. Depression	20.36	9.31	1
2. Resilience	69.33	15.66	−0.468**	1
3. Hope	42.43	10.41	−0.451**	0.721**	1
4. Optimism	22.35	3.42	−0.401**	0.392**	0.370**	1

Depression: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Resilience: Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14); Hope: Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS); Optimism: Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). **p < 0.01 (two-tailed)