TABLE 5.

Characteristics associated with no prenatal testing for hepatitis B, rubella antibody, syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, by study, adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs^a

Characteristic	Infection
	Hepatitis B	Rubella	Syphilis	Chlamydia	Gonorrhea
BIRTHNET
Race
Black	1.9 (1.3–1.7)	2.0 (1.2–3.5)		0.9 (0.7–1.0)	0.9 (0.7–1.0)
White/other	Referent	Referent		Referent	Referent
Illicit drug use
Yes	2.2 (1.1–4.1)
No	Referent
Kessner index
Inadequate		2.0 (1.1–3.7)	1.5 (1.2–2.0)
Adequate		Referent	Referent
Age, y
<20				0.7 (0.6–0.9)	0.7 (0.6–0.9)
>20				Referent	Referent
L&D payment
Medicaid				0.5 (0.5–0.6)	0.5 (0.5–0.6)
Other				Referent	Referent
DHAP/RTI
Race
White	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	1.0 (0.7–1.6)	0.7 (0.4–1.1)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)
Black	1.2 (0.9–1.7)	2.3 (1.3–4.0)	1.1 (0.8–1.6)	1.1 (0.9–1.3)
Asian	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	0.6 (0.3–1.1)	0.5 (0.4–0.8)	1.0 (0.6–1.5)
Other	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent
Kessner index
Inadequate	5.0 (3.4–7.4)	6.3 (3.7–10.9)	3.1 (2.2–4.3)	3.0 (2.4–3.8)
Adequate	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent
Ethnicity
Hispanic		1.6 (1.1–2.2)
Non-Hispanic		Referent
L&D payment
Medicaid			0.6 (0.3–1.0)	0.8 (0.7–1.0)
Private insurance			0.7 (0.4–1.0)	1.5 (1.2–1.9)
Self/other			Referent	Referent
Age, y
<20				0.7 (0.6–0.8)
>20

CI, confidence interval; DHAP/RTI, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention/Research Triangle Institute; L&D, labor and delivery.

^aThe following characteristics were evaluated in bivariate analyses: age (<20 years vs ≥20 years old), race (white, black, other), Hispanic ethnicity, adequacy of prenatal care (Institute of Medicine/Kessner index⁹: prenatal care starting in first or second trimester vs later onset of prenatal care), labor and delivery payment (Medicaid, private insurance, other), and (for Birthnet data) illicit drug use. If a characteristic did not reach a P < .15 in adjusted analysis, it is not presented.