Table 3. Multivariable Adjusted Associations of Functional Limitations Among Adults Aged 45 Years or Older With Versus Without COPD, By ICML Status, 21 Statesa, 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
| Limitation | N | With ICML, PR (95% CI)b |
N | Without ICML, PR (95% CI)b |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1c | Model 2d | Model 3e | Model 1c | Model 2d | Model 3e | |||
| General limitation | ||||||||
| Activity limited for 2 weeks or more in prior month due to physical or mental health | 8,645 | 1.85 (1.63–2.10) | 1.54 (1.35–1.77) | 1.43 (1.26–1.63) | 72,695 | 3.36 (2.96–3.81) | 2.16 (1.88–2.49) | 1.82 (1.59–2.09) |
| Health problem required use of special equipment, such as a cane, wheelchair, special bed, or special telephone | 8,798 | 1.65 (1.42–1.91) | 1.34 (1.16–1.57) | 1.33 (1.14–1.54) | 73,165 | 2.53 (2.27–2.82) | 1.83 (1.64–2.05) | 1.74 (1.55–1.95) |
| Unable to work | 8,788 | 1.92 (1.66–2.21) | 1.46 (1.24–1.72) | 1.42 (1.20–1.67) | 73,071 | 3.40 (2.92–3.97) | 2.10 (1.76–2.50) | 1.92 (1.60–2.30) |
| ICML related limitation | ||||||||
| Gave up household chores or former activities due to ICML | 8,589 | 1.44 (1.25–1.66) | 1.19 (1.02–1.38) | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) |
— | — | — | — |
| ICML interfered with ability to work, volunteer, or engage in social activities | 8,577 | 1.45 (1.27–1.66) | 1.22 (1.05–1.41) | 1.17 (1.01–1.36) | — | — | — | — |
| Needed assistance in a domainf | 8,446 | 1.23 (1.14–1.34) | 1.11 (1.01–1.21) | 1.09 (1.00–1.19) | — | — | — | — |
| Family or friends provided assistance in prior 30 days due to ICML | 8,613 | 1.33 (1.10–1.60) | 1.10 (0.89–1.35) | 1.06 (0.87–1.30) | — | — | — | — |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICML, increased confusion or memory loss; PR, prevalence ratio; —, not applicable.
Arkansas, California, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.
Comparison is between people with COPD and people without COPD (referent group).
Adjusted for sex, race, education, state, and age.
Adjusted for model 1 plus risk behaviors/factors and at least 1 other chronic condition (heart disease, stroke, diabetes, asthma).
Adjusted for models 1 and 2 plus frequent mental distress (2 weeks or more when mental health was not good).
Domains are safety, transportation, household activities, personal care, and other.