VEGF levels were decreased in response to CS exposure and/or VEGFR-2 inhibition in mouse lung. VEGF protein levels, as assessed by a Luminex-based beadlyte kit method (mouse multicytokine beadmaster kit, Upstate Cell Signaling), were significantly decreased after CS exposure, VEGFR-2 inhibition and in combination of both treatments compared with vehicle-treated air-exposed animals. Histograms represent mean ± SE VEGF levels (n=4). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. vehicle-treated air-exposed group; #P < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated CS-exposed group.