Table 1. Tumor suppressive miRNAs in PCa.
| miRNA | Target genes | Function | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Let-7 | AR, c-MYC | Suppress cell proliferation, clonogenicity and anchorage-independent growth | (39-41) |
| HMGA2 | Suppress advanced tumor progression | (42) | |
| E2F2, CCND2 | Induce cell cycle arrest in vitro and suppress tumor development in vivo | (43) | |
| RAS | Inhibit tumor growth | (44) | |
| EZH2 | Inhibit clonogenicity and sphere formation | (45) | |
| miR-143 | KRAS | Suppress cell proliferation, migration in vitro Attenuate bone metastatic invasion in vivo |
(46,47) |
| ERK5 | Arrest cell proliferation and abrogate tumor growth | (48) | |
| CD133, CD44, OCT4, KLF4, c-MYC | Suppress tumor sphere formation | (49) | |
| miR-145 | FSCN1 | Inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, migration and arrest cell cycle | (50) |
| OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 | Suppress tumor stemness by inhibiting sphere formation | (51) | |
| miR-200 | ZEB1 ZEB2 | Prevent PDGF-D induced EMT | (52) |
| SLUG | Inhibit TGF-β induced EMT and suppress mesenchymal differentiation | (53,54) | |
| miR-203 | CKAP2, LASP1, WASF1, BIRC5, ASAP1 | Suppress cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and inhibit metastasis dissemination | (55) |
| RUNX2 | Inhibit tumor invasion destined for bone metastasis | (55,56) | |
| PARK7, BRCA1 | Impair cell growth by promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest | (57) | |
| ZEB2, Bmi, Survivin | Suppress bone metastasis via inhibition of cell motility, invasion and EMT | (56) | |
| miR-205 | ErbB3, E2F1, E2F5, PKCε, | Counteract EMT by attenuate cell migration and invasion | (58) |
| BCL2 | Promote cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage | (59) | |
| PSAP, ARA24, HRAS, PARK7 | Induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest | (57) | |
| AR, NR4A2, EPCAM | Impair cell growth by promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest | (60) | |
| miR-34a | CD44 | Inhibit tumor progenitor cells and suppress metastasis | (61) |
| AR | Suppress tumor metastasis | (62) | |
| CDK6 | Induce cell-cycle arrest, cell senescence and apoptosis | (32) | |
| c-MYC | Inhibit cell proliferation and cell invasion | (63) | |
| BCL2, SIRT1 | Induce cell senescence and apoptosis | (64,65) | |
| miR-101 | EZH2 | Attenuate tumor cell invasiveness | (66,67) |
| miR-133 | EGFR | Reduce cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness | (68) |
| miR-146a | ROCK1 | Suppress cell metastasis to bone marrow endothelium | (69) N.Y. |
| EGFR, MMP2 | Inhibit cell growth, colony formation and migration in vitro Reduce tumorigenicity and angiogenesis in vivo | (70) | |
| miR-15 miR-16 |
FGF-2, FGFR1 | Impair the tumor-supportive capability of stromal cells | (71) |
| WNT3A | Attenuate tumor expansion and invasiveness | (72) | |
| BCL2, CCND1 | Induce growth arrest, apoptosis | (72) | |
| miR-449 | HDAC1, CCND1 | Induce cell cycle arrest and loss of clonogenicity | (73,74) |