Table 3.

Emulsification time, mean droplet size, zeta potential, percentage drug released after 5 minutes (Q5) and 60 minutes (Q60), and percentage dissolution efficiency (%DE) of various formulations of self-emulsifying drug delivery system

Formula	Emulsification time (s)	Mean droplet size (nm)	Zeta potential (mV)	Q5	Q60	%DE
F3	20±1.3	440±9.9	−9.73±0.16	76±1.6	88.0±2.1	86.5
F4	17±0.5	285±2.6	−13.7±0.2	90±2.4	95.2±1.1	89.6
F5	20±1.1	404±5.6	−8.76±0.12	75±2.1	90.7±2.0	76.7
F6	20±0.9	420±4.9	−5.7±0.1	80±1.7	88.7±1.8	80.7
F7	29±1.3	459±5.5	−5.45±0.3	78±2.3	88.2±0.9	81.0
F8	34±1.7	477±1.07	−5.18±0.2	87±2.0	95.3±0.8	90.1
F9	17±1.5	471±3.6	−6.84±0.1	83±1.9	96.0±1.7	86.9
F19*	27±0.8	336±11.6	−15.4±0.6	94±1.1	100±0.6	95.5
F20	23±0.6	380±5.6	−11.9±0.2	79±2.2	95.5±2.1	88.1
F21	32±1.3	423±4.4	−8.6±0.03	78±0.9	94.0±1.7	85.4
F26	75±3.2	823±3.2	−3.7±0.5	77±3.1	85.0±2.8	82.5
F27	99±2.7	775±6.2	−2.2±0.4	73±2.5	78.7±2.3	73.5
Pure drug	NA	NA	NA	19±1.3	55±2.2	42.5

Notes: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

^*F19 is the optimal formula that was selected for in vivo studies.

Abbreviation: NA, not applied.