Table 2. Multinomial logistic regression coefficients for odds of light to moderate and heavy smoking pack years (ref. = lifetime non-smoking).
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-organization: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | 0.69 (0.61, 0.77) p<0.001 | 0.80 (0.68, 0.94) p = 0.006 | 0.77 (0.65, 0.91) p = 0.002 | 0.80 (0.67, 0.94) p = 0.008 |
| Heavy smoking | 0.56 (0.49, 0.64) p<0.001 | 0.65 (0.54, 0.79) p<0.001 | 0.71 (0.58, 0.87) p = 0.001 | 0.79 (0.64, 0.97) p = 0.02 |
| Female sex: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | 0.74 (0.59, 0.92) p = 0.008 | 0.79 (0.63, 0.99) p = 0.04 | 0.79 (0.63, 1.00) p = 0.05 | 0.76 (0.59, 0.96) p = 0.02 |
| Heavy smoking | 0.69 (0.52, 0.90) p = 0.006 | 0.76 (0.58, 1.00) p = 0.05 | 0.75 (0.57, 0.99) p = 0.04 | 0.67 (0.50, 0.90) p = 0.008 |
| Emotional problems: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | 0.86 (0.75, 0.98) p = 0.02 | 0.86 (0.76, 0.98) p = 0.03 | 0.86 (0.75, 0.98) p = 0.03 |
| Heavy smoking | - | 0.74 (0.64, 0.87) p<0.001 | 0.74 (0.63, 0.87) p<0.001 | 0.74 (0.63, 0.88) p<0.001 |
| Conduct problems: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | 1.47 (1.25, 1.72) p<0.001 | 1.46 (1.25, 1.72) p<0.001 | 1.44 (1.23, 1.70) p<0.001 |
| Heavy smoking | - | 1.61 (1.34, 1.94) p<0.001 | 1.62 (1.35, 1.96) p<0.001 | 1.55 (1.29, 1.88) p<0.001 |
| Non-manual social class of origin: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | - | 1.00 (0.78, 1.28) p = 1.00 | 1.09 (0.85, 1.40) p = 0.51 |
| Heavy smoking | - | - | 0.62 (0.46, 0.84) p = 0.002 | 0.79 (0.58, 1.09) p = 0.15 |
| Childhood cognition: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | - | 1.12 (0.98, 1.27) p = 0.10 | 1.20 (1.05, 1.38) p = 0.009 |
| Heavy smoking | - | - | 0.89 (0.76, 1.04) p = 0.14 | 1.13 (0.95, 1.33) p = 0.17 |
| Advanced education: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | - | - | 0.77 (0.58, 1.02) p = 0.07 |
| Heavy smoking | - | - | - | 0.38 (0.26, 0.55) p<0.001 |
| Non-manual adult social class: | ||||
| Light to moderate smoking | - | - | - | 0.78 (0.58, 1.03) p = 0.08 |
| Heavy smoking | - | - | - | 0.52 (0.38, 0.72) p<0.001 |
Model 1: Self organization adjusted for sex alone; Model 2: additionally adjusted for emotional and conduct problems; Model 3: additionally adjusted for social class of origin and childhood cognition; Model 4: additionally adjusted for educational attainment and adult social class.