Table 4.

Characteristics Associated With Practicing in Solo or Small Practices, and in Solo Practices

Characteristic	Model 1: Solo or Small vs Medium or Large		Model 2: Solo vs Small
	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value
Sex
Male (ref)	1.00		1.00
Female	0.95 (0.87–1.03)	.22	0.87 (0.76–0.99)	.03
Race
White (ref)	1.00		1.00
Black or African American	1.22 (1.03–1.44)	.02	1.57 (1.25–1.99)	<.001
Asian	1.13 (1.00–1.27)	.058	1.97 (1.65–2.36)	<.001
Others	0.96 (0.72–1.29)	.80	1.27 (0.81–2.01)	.30
Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic (ref)	1.00		1.00
Hispanic	1.33 (1.13–1.58)	<.001	1.62 (1.28–2.05)	<.001
Years in practice
0–10 (ref)	1.00		1.00
11–20	1.27 (1.15–1.40)	<.001	1.70 (1.45–2.00)	<.001
21–30	1.02 (0.92–1.14)	.68	1.91 (1.61–2.27)	<.001
≥31	1.31 (1.13–1.51)	<.001	2.74 (2.22–3.40)	<.001
Percent of county earning <100% of FPL	0.99 (0.98–0.99)	.001	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	.24
Rurality of county
Urban (ref)	1.00		1.00
Rural: 20,000–50,000 people	1.17 (1.00–1.37)	.046	0.97 (0.76–1.23)	.79
Rural: 2,500–19,999 people	1.76 (1.52–2.03)	<.001	0.83 (0.67–1.01)	.07
Rural: <2,500 people	3.16 (2.18–4.58)	<.001	0.33 (0.18–0.59)	<.001
Region of country
South (ref)	1.00		1.00
Northeast	0.90 (0.79–1.02)	.09	0.82 (0.69–0.98)	.03
West	0.47 (0.43–0.53)	<.001	0.86 (0.73–1.02)	.08
Midwest	0.66 (0.59–0.73)	<.001	0.67 (0.57–0.78)	<.001
Constant	3.59	<.001	0.29	<.001

FPL = federal poverty level; OR = odds ratio; ref = reference group.