Table 5.
Micropropagation data for Swertia chirayita.
| Tissue culture Study | Explant type | Optimum concentrations | Major observations | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regeneration | Seeds | 3.0 μM BA | Adventitious shoot regeneration from root explants | Wawrosch et al., 1999 |
| Micropropagation | In vivo axillary bud/shoot apices | 0.5 mg/l BA + 1.0 mg/l GA3 | Methods and compositions for rapid in vitro propagation | Ahuja et al., 2003 |
| Axillary multiplication | Seedling-derived nodal explants | 4.0 μM BA + 1.5 μM 2iP | Improved shoot proliferation | Joshi and Dhawan, 2007 |
| Regeneration | In vivo stem with node | 0.44 μM BA + 4.65 μM KN | Improved regeneration from the nodal explants | Chaudhuri et al., 2007 |
| Direct shoot multiplication | In vitro leaves | 2.22 μM BA + 11.6 μM KN + 0.5 μM NAA | Improved protocol for propagation | Chaudhuri et al., 2008 |
| Regeneration | Seeds | 2.22 μM BA + 2.22 μM KN + 0.54 μM NAA | Regeneration from immature seed culture | Chaudhuri et al., 2009 |
| Direct shoot regeneration | In vivo leaves | 13.32 μM BA + 0.54 μM NAA | In vitro shoot regeneration | Wang et al., 2009 |
| Micropropagation | In vitro shoot tip | 1.0 mg/l BA + 0.1 mg/l KN | Improved shoot proliferation | Balaraju et al., 2009a |
| In vitro regeneration | Node | 2 mg/l BA | Rapid in vitro propagation system | Koul et al., 2009 |
| Shoot Organogenesis | In vitro root | 4.44 μM BA + 1.07 μM NAA | Improved protocol for plant regeneration | Pant et al., 2010 |
| Somatic embryogenesis | In vivo leaves | 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l BA | Rapid system for micropropagation | Balaraju et al., 2011 |
| Callus culture | In vitro root | 13.32 μM BA + 0.90 μM 2,4-D | Plant regeneration via indirect organogenesis | Pant et al., 2012 |
| Efficient Regeneration | In vivo shoot tip | 0.5 mg/l BA + 1.0 mg/l GA3 | An efficient shoot proliferation | Kumar and Chandra, 2013 |
| In vitro flower production | Axillary bud | 1.0 mg/l BA + 70 mg/l Adenine sulfate | In vitro flowering and effective protocol for regeneration | Sharma et al., 2014 |
| Somatic embryogenesis | In vivo leaves | 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l KN | An efficient protocol for plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis | Kumar and Chandra, 2014 |
| Direct and Indirect regeneration | In vivo leaves | 1.0 mg/l BA + 100 mg/l Adenine sulfate + 0.1 mg/l IAA | An efficient protocol of plant regeneration through direct and indirect organogenesis | Kumar et al., 2014 |
2,4-D, 2,4-Dicholorophenoxyacetic acid; BA, 6-benzyl-adenine; GA3, Gibberellic acid; IAA, Indole-3-acetic acid; KN, Kinetin; NAA, Naphthalene Acetic Acid.