Table 4.
MIC (FIC) of different antibiotics in association with the extract of Xanthosoma mafaffa at MIC/2, MIC/4 against ten MDR bacteria strains
| Antibiotics | Bacterial strains, MIC (μg/mL) of antibiotics in the absence and presence of the extract | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extract concentration | PA124 | AG100 | AG102 | AG100Atet | EA27 | EA289 | CM64 | KP55 | KP63 | NEA16 | PBSS (%) | |
| CIP | 0 | 16 | 0.50 | 0.50 | - | 1 | 1 | 0.50 | 2 | - | 1 | |
| CMI/2 | 16(1)I | 0.50(1)I | <0.50(na) S | -(na) | 0.25(0.25) S | 0.50(0.50) S | 1(2)I | <0.50(na) S | 16(na) S | 0.50(0.50) S | 60 | |
| CMI/4 | 16(1)I | 0.50(1)I | <0.50(na) S | -(na) | 0.25(0.25) S | 1(1)I | 1(2)I | <0.50(na) S | 16(na) S | 1(1)I | 40 | |
| NOR | 0 | 128 | 2 | 1 | - | 4 | 8 | 4 | 16 | - | 4 | |
| CMI/2 | 128(1)I | 2(1)I | <1(na) S | 128(na) S | 8(2)I | 16(2)I | 32(8)A | 16(1)I | 128(na)S | 8(2)I | 30 | |
| CMI/4 | 128(1)I | 2(1)I | <1(na) S | 128(na) S | 32(8)A | 16(2)I | 32(8)A | 16(1)I | -(na) | 8(2)I | 20 | |
| CHL | 0 | 64 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 256 | 64 | - | 32 | |
| CMI/2 | 64(1)I | 4(1)I | 1(0.13) S | 32(0.50) S | 4(0.06) S | 32(0.50) S | 256(1)I | 16(0.25) S | -(na) | 16(0.50) S | 60 | |
| CMI/4 | 64(1)I | 4(1)I | 2(0.25) S | 64(1)I | 16(0.25) S | 32(0.50) S | 256(1)I | 16(0.25) S | -(na) | 16(0.50) S | 50 | |
| ERY | 0 | 128 | 0.50 | 0.50 | - | 16 | 16 | 256 | 32 | - | 32 | |
| CMI/2 | 64(0.50) S | <0.50(na) S | <0.50(na) S | 128(na) S | 8(0.50) S | 8(0.50) S | 256(1)I | 32(1)I | 128(na) S | 16(0.50) S | 80 | |
| CMI/4 | 64(0.50) S | <0.50(na) S | <0.50(na) S | 128(na) S | 8(0.50) S | 8(0.50) S | 256(1)I | 64(2)I | 128(na) S | 16(0.50) S | 80 | |
| KAN | 0 | 64 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 2 | 8 | 32 | 4 | 16 | - | 16 | |
| CMI/2 | 32(0.50) S | <0.50(na) S | <0.50(na) S | <0.50(na) S | 4(0.50) S | 8(0.25) S | 2(0.50) S | 16(1)I | -(na) | 16(1)I | 70 | |
| CMI/4 | 64(1)I | <0.50(na) S | 1(2)I | 1(0.50) S | 8(1)I | 8(0.25) S | 4(1)I | 16(1)I | -(na) | 16(1)I | 30 | |
| TET | 0 | 16 | 32 | 2 | 64 | 32 | 32 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 32 | |
| CMI/2 | 8(0.50) S | 16(0.50) S | <0.50(na) S | 4(0.06) S | 8(0.25) S | 4(0.13) S | 2(0.25) S | <0.50(na) S | 1(0.13) S | 4(0.13) S | 100 | |
| CMI/4 | 16(1)I | 32(1)I | 1(0.50) S | 4(0.06) S | 8(0.25) S | 16(0.50) S | 2(0.25) S | <0.50(na) S | 1(0.13) S | 4(0.13) S | 80 | |
| AMP | 0 | - | - | 128 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| CMI/2 | -(na) | -(na) | 128(1)I | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | 128(na) S | -(na) | -(na) | 10 | |
| CMI/4 | -(na) | -(na) | 128(1)I | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | 00 | |
| CEF | 0 | - | 64 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| CMI/2 | -(na) | 64(1)I | 32(1)I | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | 256(na) S | -(na) | -(na) | 10 | |
| CMI/4 | -(na) | 64(1)I | 32(1)I | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | -(na) | 00 | |
aAntibiotics [TET tetracycline, CIP ciprofloxacin, NOR norfloxacin, KAN kanamycin, CHL chloramphenicol, ERY erythromycin, AMP ampicillin, CEF cefepime]
bBacterial strains: Escherichia coli [AG100, AG102, AG100Atet], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PA124], Enterobacter aerogenes [CM64, EA27, EA289], Klebsiella pneumonia [KP55], Providencia stuartii [NAE16]
cPBSS: percentage of bacteria strain on which synergism has been observed; (): FIC (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration) of the antibiotics after association with plants extract; S: Synergy, I: Indifference; na: not applicable; The values in bold represent the cases of synergy between extract and antibiotic; (-): >256 μg/mL