Primary resistance and cross-resistance to rilpivirine and pre-therapy HIV-1 RNA load. (a) Primary resistance to rilpivirine using Stanford HIVDB version 7.0.1. (b) Subtype-tailored HIV-1 plasma RNA load (log10 copies/mL) at initiation of ART measured using Cobas Amplicor HIV-1 monitor v1.5, Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 v1.0 or Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 v2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems, Basel, Switzerland) for the Swedish cohort or the Abbott m2000rt real-time PCR system (Abbott, Germany) for the Indian and Ethiopian cohorts. The percentages of treatment-naive patients with an HIV-1 RNA load of >100 000 copies/mL at initiation of ART are indicated. (c) Cross-resistance to rilpivirine in the EuResist database using Stanford HIVDB version 7.0.1. Among the 13 750 sequences obtained, 12 297 (89%) passed quality control as per the Stanford database and were thus included in the analysis. (d) Rilpivirine DRM profiles. *Significant difference (P < 0.05). This figure appears in colour in the online version of JAC and in black and white in the print version of JAC.