Table 2.
Association between demographic and clinical variables and ELISA OD values* at first visit (cross-sectional analysis)
| Variable | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient† | 95% CI | P | Coefficient† | 95% CI | P | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| ELISA | −0.02 | −0.03 to −0.12 | < 0.001 | −0.01 | −0.02 to −0.01 | < 0.001 |
| IHA | 0.08 | 0.05–0.12 | < 0.001 | 0.06 | 0.03–0.09 | < 0.001 |
| Male gender | ||||||
| ELISA | 0.15 | −0.16 to 0.47 | 0.339 | – | – | – |
| IHA | −0.70 | −1.93 to −0.53 | 0.264 | – | – | – |
| Cysts size (mm)§ | ||||||
| ELISA | 0.01 | 0.01–0.02 | < 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.056 |
| IHA | −0.04 | −0.06 to −0.03 | < 0.001 | −0.03 | −0.04 to −0.01 | 0.001 |
| Number of cysts | ||||||
| ELISA | 0.48 | 0.15–0.81 | 0.005 | 0.39 | 0.13–0.64 | 0.003 |
| IHA | −1.54 | −2.84 to −0.23 | 0.021 | −1.25 | −2.34 to −0.15 | 0.026 |
| Type of cyst§ | ||||||
| Active vs. inactive | ||||||
| ELISA | 1.23 | 0.95–1.50 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | 0.74–1.30 | < 0.001 |
| IHA | −4.32 | −6.03 to −2.61 | < 0.001 | −2.91 | −4.63 to −1.19 | 0.001 |
| Transitional vs. inactive | ||||||
| ELISA | 1.40 | 1.0–1.80 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 0.65–1.45 | < 0.001 |
| IHA | −3.79 | −4.96 to −2.62 | < 0.001 | −2.61 | −3.83 to −0.01 | < 0.001 |
CI = confidence interval; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IHA = indirect hemagglutination; OD = optical density.
*
Log transformed.
†
The coefficient indicates the mean change of log-transformed ELISA OD per unit change of the independent variable.
‡
Only independent variable significantly associated with the dependent variable in the univariable analysis were included in the multivariable analysis.
§
Data refer to the most active, and, when more cysts of the same stage were present, according to the cyst of largest diameter.