Table 3.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with previous exposure to SFGR
| Variable | Positive (n) | Total (N) | % Positive (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | G P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | M P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residence | ||||||||
| Rural | 160 | 558 | 26.7 (22.3–31.1) | 2.29 (1.23–4.24) | 0.0088* | 0.0088* | 2.33 (0.80–6.77) | 0.1211 |
| Urban | 31 | 212 | 13.8 (6.9–20.6) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 91 | 317 | 27.2 (21.5–32.8) | 1.45 (0.94–2.23) | 0.0937 | 0.0937 | 1.80 (1.05–3.06) | 0.0308* |
| Female | 100 | 453 | 20.5 (15.3–25.7) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| Age (in years) | ||||||||
| 15–29 | 88 | 368 | 22.7 (17.0–28.3) | 1.24 (0.85–1.8) | 0.2703 | – | 1.47 (0.93–2.33) | 0.1024 |
| 30–49 | 63 | 285 | 19.1 (14.9–23.4) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| 50–64 | 40 | 117 | 37.7 (19.2–56.2) | 2.56 (1.15–5.71) | 0.0217* | 0.0361* | 1.97 (0.81–4.80) | 0.1364 |
| Education level | ||||||||
| No primary | 59 | 156 | 36.5 (28.6–44.4) | 3.56 (2.09–6.08) | < 0.0001* | < 0.0001* | 0.66 (0.15–2.94) | 0.5866 |
| Some primary | 60 | 211 | 27.4 (19.7–35.1) | 2.34 (1.42–3.87) | 0.0009* | – | 8.40 (0.39–182.39) | 0.1753 |
| Complete primary and secondary+ | 72 | 403 | 13.9 (9.6–18.2) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| Wealth quintiles | ||||||||
| Lowest | 53 | 161 | 30.9 (23.1–38.8) | 3.24 (1.74–6.03) | 0.0002* | – | 0.95 (0.27–3.32) | 0.9398 |
| Second | 52 | 147 | 31.4 (23.8–38.9) | 3.31 (1.81–6.07) | 0.0001* | 0.0013* | 0.58 (0.16–2.09) | 0.4077 |
| Middle | 34 | 130 | 23.1 (15.1–31.1) | 2.18 (1.16–4.09) | 0.0155* | – | 0.98 (0.37–2.61) | 0.962 |
| Fourth | 25 | 129 | 18.2 (8.9–27.4) | 1.61 (0.79–3.3) | 0.1926 | – | 0.68 (0.30–1.57) | 0.3659 |
| Highest | 27 | 203 | 12.1 (6.8–17.5) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| Province | ||||||||
| Nairobi | 11 | 110 | 10.8 (2.1–19.5) | 2.82 (0.73–10.88) | 0.1325 | – | 6.84 (1.19–39.27) | 0.0309* |
| Central | 4 | 106 | 4.1 (0.2–8.1) | REF | – | – | REF | – |
| Coast | 32 | 89 | 39.2 (23.0–55.3) | 15.00 (4.48–50.21) | < 0.0001* | – | 13.75 (3.80–49.65) | < 0.0001* |
| Eastern | 22 | 77 | 29.9 (15.5–44.3) | 9.92 (2.95–33.41) | 0.0002* | – | 10.51 (2.85–38.75) | 0.0004* |
| North Eastern | 29 | 100 | 28.2 (21.8–34.6) | 9.14 (3.20–26.14) | < 0.0001* | – | 5.10 (1.41–18.51) | 0.0131* |
| Nyanza | 34 | 106 | 25.8 (13.0–38.7) | 8.11 (2.42–27.03) | 0.0007* | – | 8.90 (2.46–32.22) | 0.0009* |
| Rift Valley | 12 | 83 | 12.8 (1.3–24.2) | 3.41 (0.81–14.33 | 0.0938 | – | 2.99 (0.68–13.10) | 0.147 |
| Western | 47 | 99 | 46.1 (34.0–58.2) | 19.9 (6.54–60.58) | < 0.0001* | < 0.0001* | 21.13 (6.03–74.00) | < 0.0001* |
AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; SFGR = spotted fever group rickettsioses; REF = reference.
P value is the category P value, G P value is the global P value for the bivariate variable, M P value is the category multivariate P value.
*
Bold values have significant P values.