Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics
| Wave | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Variables | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % |
| Parenting Practices and Family Processes | ||||||||
| Family communication1 | 1075 | 51% | 1052 | 54% | 1032 | 58% | 1023 | 65% |
| Relationship with mother1 | 1067 | 83% | 1044 | 81% | 1027 | 81% | 1016 | 82% |
| Relationship with father 1 | 987 | 66% | 950 | 66% | 945 | 63% | 934 | 64% |
| Parental monitoring1 | 1075 | 86% | 1027 | 86% | 977 | 82% | 902 | 78% |
| N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | |
| Neighborhood Social Processes | ||||||||
| Informal social control2,3 | 1060 | 3.24 (0.68) | 1036 | 3.30 (0.64) | 1019 | 3.27 (0.64) | 994 | 3.25 (0.62) |
| Sense of community2,3 | 1068 | 3.16 (0.59) | 1042 | 3.17 (0.55) | 1021 | 3.17 (0.56) | 1001 | 3.17 (0.54) |
| Neighborhood support2,3 | 1074 | 2.13 (0.67) | 1043 | 2.12 (0.66) | 1024 | 2.12 (0.62) | 1014 | 2.07 (0.63) |
| Concerns – crime/safety2,3 | 1075 | 2.06 (0.80) | 1043 | 1.96 (0.76) | 1024 | 1.99 (0.75) | 1014 | 2.01 (0.73) |
| Concerns – services2,3 | 1058 | 2.37 (0.85) | 1042 | 2.31 (0.80) | 1048 | 2.33 (0.77) | 1011 | 2.35 (0.75) |
| Neighborhood Conditions | ||||||||
| Broken windows score3,4 | 1075 | 3.52 (2.42) | 970 | 4.02 (2.13) | 843 | 3.27 (2.19) | 931 | 3.53 (2.25) |
|
| ||||||||
| Wave | ||||||||
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Youth Violence Outcomes | ||||||||
| Fighting1 | 1073 | 40% | 1050 | 38% | 1030 | 33% | 1023 | 29% |
| Weapon carrying1 | 1075 | 14% | 1051 | 16% | 1029 | 14% | 1020 | 14% |
1
Mean reflects the percent of youth with that asset, or who reported physical fighting or weapon carrying. Distributions across Waves 2 to 5 are as follows: Fighting: 0 times = 65%; 1 time = 15%; 2 or 3 times = 13%; 4 or 5 times = 4%; 6 or 7 times = 1%; 8 or 9 times < 1%; 10 or 11 times = < 1%; 12 or more times = 1%. Weapon carrying: 0 days = 85%; 1 day = 4%; 2 or 3 days = 4%; 4 or 5 days = 1%; and 6 or more days = 5%.
2
Range of scale is from 1 to 4.
3
Higher numbers reflect greater social control, sense of community, support, and neighborhood concerns/problems.
4
Range of scale is 0 to 12.