Table 1.
Participant characteristics and descriptive statistics for the General Assessment of Personality Disorders (GAPD), the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) across drinking groups
| Total Sample (N=877) |
Hazardous Drinkers (N=185) |
Non-Hazardous Drinkers (N=692) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | M (SD)/ % | F/ χ2 | p-value | ||
| Age | 36.2 (13.0) | 32.0 (11.2) | 37.4 (13.2) | 25.9 | <.001 |
| Female Gender | 77.2% | 71.9% | 78.6% | 3.8 | .05 |
| Education | 5.7 (1.1) | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.7 (1.1) | 3.04 | .08 |
| Married/Living with Partner | 38.1% | 28.6% | 40.6% | 8.9 | <.01 |
| Non-Caucasian Race | 18.2% | 22.2% | 17.2% | 2.4 | .12 |
| GAPD | |||||
| General Personality Pathology | 2.6 (.7) | 2.7 (0.8) | 2.5 (0.7) | 12.7 | <.001 |
| PID-5 Domains | |||||
| Negative Affectivity | 1.4 (0.7) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.7) | 13.7 | <.001 |
| Detachment | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.2 (0.6) | 0.2 | .65 |
| Antagonism | 0.9 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.8 (0.6) | 50.6 | <.001 |
| Psychoticism | 1.0 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.6) | 29.3 | <.001 |
| Disinhibition | 1.0 (0.6) | 1.2 (0.6) | 0.9 (0.6) | 25.4 | <.001 |
| PID-5 Facets | |||||
| Anxiousness | 1.8 (0.8) | 1.9 (0.8) | 1.7 (0.9) | 3.1 | .08 |
| Emotional Lability | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 10.8 | <.01 |
| Separation Insecurity | 1.1 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.0 (0.8) | 18.9 | <.001 |
| Perseveration | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.8) | 3.3 | .07 |
| Submissiveness | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.2 | .27 |
| Suspiciousness | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.7) | 22.4 | <.001 |
| Rigid Perfectionism | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.4 (0.9) | 3.6 | .06 |
| Depressivity | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.1 (0.8) | 6.0 | <.02 |
| Anhedonia | 1.4 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | 0.5 | .50 |
| Withdrawal | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.6 | .44 |
| Restricted Affectivity | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.7 | .19 |
| Intimacy Avoidance | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.9 | .76 |
| Manipulativeness | 1.0 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.9 (0.7) | 37.8 | <.001 |
| Callousness | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.7 (0.7) | 0.5 (0.5) | 38.7 | <.001 |
| Deceitfulness | 0.8 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.6) | 54.8 | <.001 |
| Grandiosity | 0.9 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.6) | 24.0 | <.001 |
| Attention Seeking | 1.0 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.9 (0.7) | 43.3 | <.001 |
| Hostility | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.5 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.7) | 14.6 | <.001 |
| Distractibility | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.8) | 6.4 | <.02 |
| Impulsivity | 0.9 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.7) | 24.8 | <.001 |
| Irresponsibility | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.9 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.6) | 29.2 | <.001 |
| Risk Taking | 1.1 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.6) | 42.9 | <.001 |
| Unusual Beliefs/Experiences | 0.8 (0.7) | 1.0 (0.8) | 0.7 (0.6) | 32.2 | <.001 |
| Perceptual Dysregulation | 0.8 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.6) | 30.3 | <.001 |
| Eccentricity | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.6 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) | 13.1 | <.001 |
| AUDIT | |||||
| Total Score | 4.9 (6.0) | 14.4 (6.4) | 2.4 (2.1) | 1763.4 | <.001 |
Note. The 25 facet scores of the PID-5 were standardized. RR = Rate ratio.
*
p< .05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001