Table 1.
Population demographic and clinical characteristics (N = 2,145)
| Baseline Patient Characteristic (N = 2,145) | Long-acting | Pre-mixed | Rapid-acting | Intensive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 244) | (N = 118) | (N = 997) | (N = 786) | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Mean (±SD) | 65.2 (±12.3) | 66.3 (±12.9) | 72.0 (±11.2) | 66.7 (±12.3) |
| Range | 23-95 | 24-98 | 22-105 | 19-95 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 158 (64.8) | 78 (66.1) | 609 (61.1) | 477 (60.7) |
| HbA1c (%)a | ||||
| Mean | 9.4 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 9.1 |
| Median | 9.2 | 7.8 | 7.0 | 9.1 |
| Treatment initiation setting, n (%) | ||||
| Inpatient | 40 (16.4) | 47 (39.8) | 907 (91.0) | 573 (72.9) |
| Outpatient | 204 (83.6) | 71 (60.2) | 90 (9.0) | 213 (27.1) |
| Pre-index antidiabetic medication (OAD), n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 225 (92.2) | 84 (71.2) | 752 (75.4) | 623 (79.3) |
| DPP-4 inhibitors | 127 (52.0) | 38 (32.2) | 419 (42.0) | 316 (40.2) |
| Alpha glucosidase inhibitors | 143 (58.6) | 47 (39.8) | 374 (37.5) | 309 (39.3) |
| Biguanide | 128 (52.5) | 30 (25.4) | 232 (23.3) | 261 (33.2) |
| Gurinido | 40 (16.4) | 9 (7.6) | 147 (14.7) | 128 (16.3) |
| SU | 187 (76.6) | 47 (39.8) | 507 (50.9) | 427 (54.3) |
| TZD | 106 (43.4) | 22 (18.6) | 179 (18.0) | 169 (21.5) |
| Single-pill combination | 10 (4.1) | - | 8 (0.8) | 5 (0.6) |
aHbA1c was available only for those with HbAc1 measurement data
aHbA1c was reported with the Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) system in the database; all HbA1c values in this study were converted to the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) system with the formula recommended by JDS (NGSP = JDS + 0.4 [11])
SD, standard deviation; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; SU, sulfonylureas; TZD, thiazolidinediones