Table 1.
Neuropeptides, peptide hormones and receptors affected by diapause
| Neuropeptide and/or GPCRa | Expressionb | CG number | Log FC |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) | Corpora cardiaca | CG1171 | 4.4 |
| AKH receptor (AKHR) | Fat body, spermatheca | CG11325 | 1.4 |
| Allatostatin A (Ast-A) | CNS, midgut | CG13633 | 1.9 |
| Allatostatin B (Ast-B or MIPc) | CNS | CG6456 | 1.1 |
| Allatostatin C (Ast-C) | CNS, midgut | CG14919 | 1.7 |
| CAPA receptor (capaR) | Renal tubules | CG14575 | 1.3 |
| CCHamide 2 | Midgut, fat body | CG14375 | 2.1 |
| Corazonin (CRZ) | CNS | CG3302 | 1.3 |
| CRZ receptor (CrzR) | Fat body, heart | CG10698 | 2.0 |
| DH31 receptor 1 (DH31–R1) | CNS, gut, renal tubules | CG32843 | 2.3 |
| Diuretic hormone 44 (DH44) | CNS | CG8348 | 3.4 |
| DH44 receptor 2 (DH44–R2) | CNS, gut, renal tubules | CG12370 | 2.5 |
| Insulin-like peptide 2 (DILP2) | Brain | CG8167 | 1.9 |
| DILP5 | Brain, ovary | CG33273 | 3.2 |
| DILP6 | Fat body | CG14049 | 1.2 |
| DILP8 | Ovary | CG14059 | −2.6 |
| DLGR1d | Hindgut, salivary gland | CG7665 | 3.1 |
| Dromyosuppressin (DMS) | Brain, heart | CG6440 | 1.5 |
| Drosulfakinin (DSK) | Brain | CG18090 | 1.4 |
| Ion transport peptide (ITP) | CNS, PNS | CG13586 | 1.2 |
| ITG (Apis-ITG-like) | CNS | CG8216 | 3.0 |
| Leucokinin (LK) | CNS | CG13480 | 2.1 |
| LK receptor (LK-R) | CNS, renal tubules | CG10626 | 1.3 |
| Neuropeptide F receptor (NPFR) | CNS, renal tubules | CG1147 | 2.4 |
| NPLP1e | CNS | CG3441 | 2.4 |
| NPLP3 | Head, carcass | CG13061 | 2.1 |
| NPLP4 | Fat body (larva), Eye | CG15361 | 1.3 |
| Orcokinin | CNS, gut | CG13565 | 1.6 |
| Proctolin | CNS | CG7105 | 2.2 |
| PTTHf | CNS, Renal tubules? | CG13687 | 1.1 |
| Short neuropeptide F (sNPF) | CNS | CG13968 | 1.5 |
| Tachykinin (DTK) | CNS, midgut | CG14734 | 2.5 |
| Torsog | Ovary | CG1389 | −3.3 |
Notes: The transcripts are sorted alphabetically (significantly >2 fold up- or downregulated; LogFC >1)
aAcronyms used are those for the proteins/peptides
bBased on FlyAtlas and/or modENCODE [116, 117], as well as research papers (summarized in [115]). Expression data are for adult flies, except NPLP4, where expression is most prominent in larvae
cMIP, myoinhibitory peptide
dLeucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 1. Ligand is the dimeric GPA2/GPB5 protein
eNeuropeptide-like precursor 1
fProthoracicotropic hormone
gReceptor tyrosine kinase, can be activated by PTTH [132]