Absorbance of HVACP-treated E. coli NCTC 12900 suspension in PBS at 260 nm with different posttreatment storage times. The data points at 0 min of treatment time refer to untreated control stored for 0 h (■), 1 h (◆), and 24 h (▲) in PBS. Treatment times were 1, 3, and 5 min at 80 kVRMS at the different posttreatment storage times. Solid line, direct exposure; dotted line, indirect exposure.