Immune diseases |
Systemic lupus erythematosus |
Rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Sjögren's syndrome, psoriasis, sarcoidosis, mixed connective tissue disease, IgG4‐related disease |
Infections |
Hepatitis B virus |
Hepatitis C virus, streptococcal infection, malaria, Schistosomiasis, syphilis, leprosy |
Drugs and toxins |
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), gold, penicillamine |
Captopril, clopidogrel, mercury |
Tumours |
Cancers (bladder, breast, pancreas, prostate, stomach, lung) |
Lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia |
Miscellaneous |
Diabetes mellitus, renal transplantation |
Sickle cell disease, haematopoietic stem cells transplantation |