Table 2.
Univariable predictors of new DWI-MRI lesions following CAS in 115 patients.
| Parameter | p | Incidence Risk Ratio (IRR) | 95% Confidence interval for IRR |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||
| Demographic and technical | ||||
| Right-sided stenosis | < .01 | 0.57 | 0.38 | 0.85 |
| Cerebral protection device used | .22 | 1.30 | 0.86 | 1.95 |
| Age (per 10-year increase) | < .01 | 2.26 | 1.74 | 2.89 |
| Female | < .01 | 0.49 | 0.31 | 0.76 |
| Hypertension | < .01 | 2.61 | 1.68 | 4.05 |
| Diabetes (any type) | .07 | 1.59 | 0.97 | 2.61 |
| Treated hyperlipidaemia | .69 | 0.92 | 0.61 | 1.38 |
| Current or former smoker | < .01 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.76 |
| Coronary heart disease | .43 | 1.21 | 0.76 | 1.94 |
| Other cardioembolic source of thrombus | .28 | 1.56 | 0.69 | 3.49 |
| Cardiac failure | .03 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.85 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | .29 | 0.75 | 0.45 | 1.27 |
| Contralateral carotid occlusion | .21 | 1.69 | 0.75 | 3.80 |
| Contralateral carotid stenosis 70–99% | .12 | 0.66 | 0.39 | 1.11 |
| Contralateral carotid stenosis 50–69% | < .01 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.40 |
| Contralateral carotid stenosis < 50% (reference group) | N/A | 1 | N/A | N/A |
| Baseline modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) = 4 | .14 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 1.57 |
| Baseline mRS = 3 | < .01 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 0.62 |
| Baseline mRS = 2 | .20 | 1.38 | 0.84 | 2.26 |
| Baseline mRS = 1 | .40 | 0.81 | 0.49 | 1.33 |
| Baseline mRS = 0 (reference group) | N/A | 1 | N/A | N/A |
| Cholesterol (per 1 mmol increase in serum total cholesterol) | .30 | 0.89 | 0.71 | 1.11 |
| Baseline diastolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg increase) | .13 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 1.03 |
| Baseline systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg increase) | .98 | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.09 |
| Age-related white matter changes score (per unit increase) | < .01 | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.20 |
| Qualifying event was stroke | < .01 | 4.30 | 2.46 | 7.53 |
| Qualifying event was transient ischaemic attack (TIA) | .03 | 1.91 | 1.06 | 3.43 |
| Qualifying event was retinal TIA or retinal stroke (reference group) | N/A | 1 | N/A | N/A |
| Vascular anatomical characteristics | ||||
| Carotid artery NASCET degree of stenosis (per 10% increase) | .69 | 0.97 | 0.83 | 1.13 |
| Ratio of maximal stenosis length to common carotid artery diameter (per unit increase) | .46 | 1.28 | 0.67 | 2.45 |
| Angle between common and internal carotid arteries | .12 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 |
| External carotid artery stenosis > 50% | .08 | 0.42 | 0.16 | 1.10 |
| Plaque ulceration | .66 | 1.10 | 0.73 | 1.66 |
| Pinhole stenosis | .88 | 1.13 | 0.25 | 5.05 |
| Common carotid artery atheroma | .69 | 0.88 | 0.47 | 1.65 |