Table 4.

Transition models of RWI: Multivariate association between RWI and previous wave predictors

Variable	Model 1 AOR [95% CI]	Model 2 AOR [95% CI]	Model 3 AOR [95% CI]	Model 4 AOR [95% CI]	Model 5 AOR [95% CI]
Wave
2	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.
3	1.58* [1.04, 2.41]	1.59 [1.05, 2.41]	1.59* [1.05, 2.41]	1.27 [0.86, 1.88]	1.76*** [1.23, 2.51]
4	1.32 [0.91, 1.91]	1.31 [0.91, 1.89]	1.31 [0.91, 1.89]	1.15 [0.81, 1.63]	1.43* [1.04, 1.97]
RWI
No	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.
Yes	3.72** [2.91, 4.76]	3.64 [2.84, 4.67]	3.64*** [2.84, 4.67]	3.63*** [2.82, 4.67]	3.66*** [2.84, 4.71]
Variables in previous wave
Substance use
No
Yes	1.94*** [1.60, 2.35]	1.81 [1.50, 2.19]	1.81*** [1.50, 2.19]	1.82*** [1.50, 2.22]	1.81*** [1.49, 2.20]
Heavy episodic drinking
No
Yes	2.00*** [1.56, 2.56]	1.86 [1.43, 2.42]	1.86*** [1.43, 2.42]	1.85*** [1.42, 2.42]	1.86*** [1.43, 2.42]
Father’s knowledge		0.95 [0.87, 1.04]	0.95 [0.87, 1.04]	0.95 [0.86, 1.04]	0.95 [0.87, 1.04]
Mother’s knowledge		1.00 [0.84, 1.19]	1.00 [0.84, 1.19]	0.99 [0.83, 1.18]	1.00 [0.84, 1.19]
Peer alcohol and substance use		1.11 [0.95, 1.29]	1.11 [0.95, 1.29]	1.11 [0.95, 1.29]	1.10 [0.94, 1.29]
Interaction of Wave 4 × Environmental Status
Work status
W4 × Not Working		–	ref.	–	–
W4 × Work Part Time <30 Hours		–	1.07 [0.67, 1.70]	–	–
W4 × Work Full Time >30 Hours		–	0.96 [0.61, 1.50]	–	–
School status
W4 × College/Graduate School				ref.
W4 × Not Attending School		–	–	1.02 [0.72, 1.47]	–
W4 × Technical/Community College		–	–	0.88 [0.58, 1.32]	–
Residence at W4
W4 × At Home		–	–	–	ref.
W4 × On Campus		–	–	–	1.38† [0.97, 1.97]
W4 × On Own Place		–	–	–	1.32 [0.78, 2.23]

Notes: The model controlled for demographic variables and included variables listed. RWI = riding with an alcohol/drug-impaired driver; AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; ref. = reference.

^†.05 <p ≤ .10;

^*p ≤ .05;

^***p ≤ .001.